Medical ecology of malaria and lifestyle change after the ethnic tension in the Northen Guadalcanal, Solomon Islands

在1980年代和90年代，所罗门群岛的东塔西姆博科地区经历了人口的快速增长和西方化，包括经常访问首都霍尼亚拉。附近有三家诊所，人们可以很容易地获得氯喹和其他一些药物，因此死亡率在下降。然而，2000年左右，瓜达尔卡纳尔岛发生了种族紧张局势，瓜达尔卡纳尔岛和马莱塔岛两个岛屿之间发生了冲突。紧张的气氛改变了一切。在东塔西姆博科，大约66%的人失去了住房。由于桥梁和铺砌的道路被毁，人们失去了前往霍尼亚拉的交通工具。诊所也被破坏，因此药品的供应在很大程度上受到了破坏。本研究的目的是澄清种族紧张局势对东塔西姆博科居民健康和生活的影响。姆班巴拉地区由7个小村庄组成，可以分为两个。在4个村庄，人口自然/社会增加，但在其他3个村庄，由于迁移到其他村庄或可能由疟疾引起的高死亡率，人口减少或减少。尿液诊断提示健康状况整体改善。考虑到2006年2月尿液pH值的双峰分布，以及富裕人群（即肥胖人群）受到的物质影响更大，健康状况的变化可以判断为部分富裕肥胖人群因购买食物短缺而减少了能量摄入。然而，在2006年9月，尿液pH值分布又变回单峰分布，大多数人每天服用一次以上购买的主食。WHOQOL-BREF的生活质量水平一般，但环境领域的得分相对较低。2006年9月研究结束后，立即恢复了前往霍尼亚拉的运输。它应该会使人们的生活发生翻天覆地的变化。前往霍尼亚拉的频率提高了，西瓜和大葱等经济作物的种植也重新开始。一些村民开始在他们的房子里储存啤酒卖给其他村民。食用购买食品的频率增加。2007年9月和2008年2月的WHOQOL-BREF表明，环境领域得分急剧增加，这可能反映了到霍尼亚拉的定期运输的重建。另一方面，在2008年2月，社会领域的得分呈现下降趋势。民族紧张的心理后遗症也有可能消失。在恶性疟原虫中，疟疾的流行率似乎在持续下降。疟疾阳性个体的分布并不均匀，而是集中在几个家庭中。地理/家庭效应有待进一步研究。少

During 1980's and 90's, the East Tasimboko area of the Solomon Islands experienced rapid population growth and Westernization including frequent visit to Honiara, the capital city. There were three nearby clinics, where people easily obtained chloroquine and some other medicines so that mortality was decreasing. However, around 2000, the ethnic tension occurred in Guadalcanal Island, in which people fought between the two islands, Guadalcanal and Malaita. The tension changed everything. About 66% people lost their housings in East Tasimboko. People lost the transportation to Honiara due to the destruction of bridges and paved roads. Clinics were also broken so that availability of medicine was largely damaged.The present study aimed to clarify the effect of the ethnic tension on the health and life of the East Tasimboko residents. Mbambala area is made of 7 hamlets, which can be grouped into the two. In 4 hamlets, populations were naturally/socially increased, but in other 3 those unch … More anged or decreased due to move-out to other hamlets or high mortality probably caused by malaria. Urine diagnosis suggested overall improvement of health status. Considering the bimodal urine pH distribution in February 2006 and the fact that richer (and thus more obese) people suffered from more material effect, the change of health status can be judged as that some richer-obese people reduced energy intake due to the shortage of purchased food. However, in September 2006, urine pH distribution changed back to unimodal and most people took purchased staples more than once a day. WHOQOL-BREF showed moderate level of QOL, except that the scores of environmental domain were relatively lower than other domains.Immediately after the research in Sep. 2006, the transportation to Honiara has been re-established. It should make people's life drastically changed. Frequencies of going to Honiara were raised and cultivation of cash-crops like watermelon and shallot restarted. Some villagers started to store beer in their houses to sell them to other villagers. Frequency of eating purchased food increased. The WHOQOL-BREF in Sep. 2007 and Feb. 2008 clarified the drastic increase in the scores of environmental domain, which may reflect the re-establishment of regular transportation to Honiara. On the other hand, in Feb. 2008, the scores of social domain look decreasing. There is a possibility that psychological aftereffect of the Ethnic Tension has also disappeared. The prevalence of malaria seems to continuously decrease, amongst P. falciparum. Malaria positive individuals were not evenly distributed but converged into several households. The geographic/family effects should be further studied. Less