Establishment of Sports Mental Training Program based on the BrainActivities

本研究旨在建立基于脑活动的运动心理训练新方案，在回顾以往运动心理训练研究的基础上，进行了功能磁共振成像（fMRI）研究。本研究比较了表象训练前后运动表象过程中的脑活动，发现表象训练后与情绪相关的大脑前扣带皮层（anterior cingulate cortex，ACC）的活动增强。在研究2中，我们使用脑电图（EEG）测量大脑活动的心理训练计划之前和之后，探讨心理训练的动机，运动想象能力和专注力的表现。此外，研究3还对运动心理训练的动机方面进行了探讨。研究三考察了反馈信息对运动员动机和情绪相关脑区的影响，并对运动员的心理训练提出了以下建议：（a）在表象训练中，小步表象训练如实际动作技能的获得是重要的;（B）保持和提高运动员的动机，明确的目标设定和准确、正确的运动成绩反馈信息，（c）第（1）款fMRI研究表明，躯体状态的控制对运动员情绪状态的控制至关重要，因为外周唤醒状态影响运动员的情绪状态。科学可以为运动心理学特别是运动心理训练学的发展做出贡献。

In the present project, we aimed to establish the new sports mental training program based on the brain activities.After reviewing previous studies about sports mental training, we performed fMRI (functional magnetic resonance imaging) study as the study 1. In this study, we compare the brain activities during motor imagery before and after the imagery training, and found that the ACC (anterior cingulate cortex) where is the emotion related brain region was more activated after the mental training program. In the study 2, we measured brain activities using the EEG (electroencephalography) before and after the mental training program to investigate the mental training effect on motivation, the ability of motor imagery, and performance of concentration. In addition, motivational aspect of the sports mental training was investigated in the study 3. In study 3, the effects of feedback information on the motivational and emotional related brain regions were investigated.As the results, we could propose the following suggestions for the sports mental training: (a) as for the imagery training, the small step imagery training like actual motor skill acquisition could be important, (b) to keep and enhance athletes' motivation, the clear goal setting and precise and correct feedback information about athletes' performance should be informed, (c) the fMRI study suggests that control of somatic state is crucial to control emotional state of athletes because peripheral arousal state affects athletes' emotional state.The present research project indicated the brain science could contribute to the sport psychological science especially to sports mental training.