A Study of 《Enactive Nature of Perception》 in Phenomenology and Interactionism

知觉的本质是什么？知觉常被认为是意识的基本模型。我研究的主要目的是通过将知觉的现象学理论与生态心理学以及其他现代行动主义或互动主义进行比较，来探索知觉的本质。为了实现这一目标，我将重点放在J.J. Gibson的生态感知方法上，并通过考察他的理论背景，试图证明他的理论与其他理论之间的异同。在他的第二本书《感官被认为是知觉系统》（1966）中，吉布森批判了传统的知觉观，即穆勒的知觉通道理论。根据吉布森的说法，“我们必须以一种新的方式来理解外部感官，将其视为主动的而不是被动的，将其视为系统而不是渠道，将其视为相互关联而不是相互排斥的。”如果它们的功能是收集信息，而不仅仅是唤起感觉，那么这种功能……更多的离子应该用另一个术语来表示。它们在这里被称为感知系统。在我的项目中，我参考了“感知系统”这个概念，探索了对感知的现象学理解方式的可能性。为了达到这一目的，我具体研究了两个主要任务。(1)首先分析胡塞尔的“动觉系统（kinasthetischen System）”和吉布森的“知觉系统”这两个都强调“知觉的活动本质”的概念的谱系渊源，并试图厘清两者的异同。这些发现发表在一篇题为《胡塞尔和吉布森：论知觉的活动本质》的论文中。(2)其次，考察了海德格尔的“解除抑制环（enthemmungspring）”和吉布森的“知觉系统”这两个概念的考古学渊源，这两个概念也都强调“知觉的活动本质”。在这个过程中，我注意到了J. Muller的“特定神经能量”假说，并揭示了它们之间的差异，这些差异隐藏在表面的反表征的相似性背后。研究结果发表在论文《海德格尔和吉布森：生态视角下的感知结构》中。少

What is the nature of perception? Perception has been often regarded as the basic model of consciousness. The main aim of my research is to explore the nature of perception by means of comparing the phenomenological theory on perception with ecological psychology, and other modern enactivism or interactionism. To accomplish this aim, I focused on J.J. Gibson's ecological approach to perception, and by examining the background of his theory, I tried to demonstrate the similarities and differences among his theory and the other theories.In his second book the Senses Considered as Perceptual Systems (1966), Gibson criticized the traditional view on perception, that is, J. Muller's channel theory of perceptions. According to Gibson, "We shall have to conceive the external senses in a new way, as active rather than passive, as systems rather than channels, and as interrelated rather than mutually exclusive. If they function to pick up information, not simply to arouse sensations, this funct … More ion should be denoted by a different term. They will here be called perceptual systems."In my project, with referring to this concept "perceptual systems", I have pursued the possibilities of the phenomenological way of understandings on perception. To attain to this end, I made a study of mainly two tasks concretely.(1) Firstly, I analyzed the genealogical origins of the concepts Husserl's "kinaesthetic systems (kinasthetischen System)" and Gibson's "perceptual systems", which both emphasize 《enactive nature of perception》, then tried to made clear the similarities and differences between them. These findings were published as a paper "Husserl and Gibson: On Enactive Nature of Perception."(2) Secondly, I examined the archeological origins of the concepts Heidegger's "disinhibiting ring (Enthemmungsring)" and Gibson's "perceptual systems", which also both emphasize 《enactive nature of perception》. In that process, I paid attention to J. Muller's "specific nervous energy" hypothesis, and disclosed the differences between them, which were hidden behind the superficial anti-representational similarities. The results of this research were published as a paper "Heidegger and Gibson: Structure of Perception from the Ecological Point of View." Less