Transfiguration of Corneille's heroes in his plays

这项研究的目的是阐明卡内尔英雄的变形。科尔内耶的戏剧生涯非常漫长，其特点是风格上的极端差异，当代的成功和对他戏剧的批评。我们主要关心的是他的戏剧中英雄和国王之间的关系是如何继续变化的。从这个角度出发，我们主要考察了他的悲剧，按照其创作的时期进行了分类：黎塞留、马扎林和路易十四。以下是我们的研究结果。国王赦免了对罗德里格斯和贺拉斯的杀戮，因为他们的武器行为。罗马皇帝奥古斯特通过宽宏大量地宽恕密谋反对他的人，恢复了长期的和平。因此，在波利乌特等四大悲剧中，君主们与英雄们合作建立了一个强大的和平国家。在这场悲剧中，君主的殉难注定了罗马帝国的皈依基督教。考察勒西德的争吵证明，他们的合作在很大程度上与黎塞留的思想相一致。但红衣主教的去世使剧作家从他伟大的政治思想中解脱出来，科内尔英雄与国王的关系发生了彻底的变化。科尔内耶使他的英雄们出现在舞台上，与卑鄙的国王、暴君和篡权者作斗争：他们的反对是一个不可否认的事实，在他后期的戏剧(1659-1674)中，政治婚姻是剧作家永恒的主题；王室权力的加强(路易十四)反映在他的戏剧艺术上，他的英雄们变得不那么精力充沛，更加悲观。在他的最后一部戏剧中，苏雷娜的悲惨死亡是由国王的嫉妒造成的。

The purpose of this study is to elucidate the transfiguration of Carnelian heroes. Corneille's dramatic career was extremely long and marked by extreme variations in the styles, contemporary success and critical reception of his plays. Our primary concern is with how the relationship between his heroes and kings continued to change in his dramas. From this point of view, we have examined mainly his tragedies by classifying them according to the periods of their creation : those of Richelieu, Mazarin and Louis XIV. The following are the results of our researches.The homicide of Rodorigue and Horace is pardoned by the kings on account of their deeds of arms. Auguste, emperor of Rome, restores a long peace by having the magnanimity to forgive the hem who has plotted against him. Thus the monarchs are in cooperation with the heroes to establish a strong and peaceful state in the four great tragedies including Polyeucte, in which the martyrdom of the hem is destined to convert the Roman Empire to Christianity The examination of the quarrel of Le Cid proves that their cooperation corresponds to a large extent with Richelieu's ideology.But the death of the Cardinal releases the dramatist from his great political ideas, and Cornelian heroes' relationship with kings change completely. Corneille makes appear on stage his heroes struggling against ignoble kings, tyrants and usurpers: their opposition is an undeniable fact, In his later plays (1659-1674), political marriage is the constant theme of the dramatist; the reinforcement of the royal power (Louis XIV) is reflected on his dramaturgy His heroes became less energetic and more pessimistic. In his last play, the tragic death of Surena is caused by the jealousy of the king.