A Study on the Dual Protection System for Juveniles under 14 Years Old Who Violate Criminal Law and Pre Delinquent Juveniles in the Juvenile Law and Child Welfare Law.

在这项研究中，我们着眼于两种类型的犯罪少年，即14岁以下的犯罪少年和犯罪前少年，考察了日本保护未成年人的双重法律制度中错综复杂的部分，即《少年法》和《儿童福利法》。本研究的主要目的是澄清现行未成年人保护双重法律制度存在的问题，探讨并提出解决这些问题的对策。在本研究中，我们煞费苦心地追溯了这一双重法律制度的历史发展，并查明了这一制度是什么。具体的研究方法如下：1.保护触犯刑法的14岁以下未成年人的双重法律制度研究。(1)关于这一制度的历史发展，我们追溯了二战前后两个时期。(2)我们还调查了这些青少年在北海道(札幌惩教区)、金木(大阪惩教区)、关东(东京惩教区)等机构中受到的待遇。关于保护未成年少年的双重法律制度的研究。(1)关于这一制度的历史发展，我们追溯了二战前后两个时期。(2)我们还调查了这些少年在北海道(札幌惩教区)、近海(大阪惩教区)和关东(东京矫治区)等机构中受到的待遇。在第一和第二项调查之后，我们根据调查问卷和在机构访谈中的笔记，分析了这些机构对这两类青少年的治疗情况。因此，我们可以对这些青少年的双重保护制度有新的认识。

In this research, focusing on two types of delinquent juvenile, that is, juveniles under 14 years old who violate criminal lave and pre-delinquent juveniles , we examined a tangled part of the Japanese dual legal system to protect juveniles that is composed of the Juvenile Law and the Child Welfare Law. Our main purpose of this research was to clarify the problems which that current dual legal system to protect juveniles has and discuss and show the solutions to these problems. In this research, we traced painstakingly the historical development of this dual legal.system and ascertained what the system is. The concrete research methods are as follows :1. Research on the dual legal system to protect juveniles under 14 years old who violate criminal law.(1) As for the historical development of this system, we traced both periods before and after the World War II.(2) And also, we conducted surveys on how these juveniles are treated at the institutions, such as Community Homes as Training Schools, in Hokkaido(Sapporo correction district), Kinki(Osaka correction district), and Kanto(Tokyo correction district).2. Research on the dual legal system to protect pre-delinquent juveniles.(1) As for the historical development of this system, we traced both periods before and after the World War II.(2) And also, we conducted surveys on how these juveniles are treated at the institutions, such as Community Homes as Training Schools, in Hokkaido(Sapporo correction district), Kinki(Osaka correction district), and Kanto(Tokyo correction district).After the surveys we mentioned in 1 and 2, we analyzed the realities of the treatments for both types of juvenile at these institutions on the basis of survey sheets and the notes we took in the interviews at the institutions. As a result, we could gain new insights concerning the dual protection systems for these juveniles.