Sustainable Use or Protection of Ocean Fishery Resources-beyond the Conflict of the Norms

国际政治与国际法的研究领域沿着没有形成跨学科的研究。国际政治的建构主义方法通过关注规范的作用，从而接近国际法，从而形成了一个分水岭。本研究首先关注国际政治理论的发展趋势，特别是建构主义的研究方法，然后分析国际渔业资源规范为何、何时以及如何发生变化，国际渔业资源问题被认为是环境问题之一，因为过度捕捞的普遍存在和资源状况的日益恶化。我的研究回顾了联合国环境与发展会议（UNCED），并分析了国际渔业资源如何成为环境问题。在这个过程中，我发现两种不同的规范，资源的可持续利用和保护没有使用，已经进入冲突和协调问题变得明显。环发会议后，基于各种规范的机构之间的关系也变得复杂起来，本文着重讨论了CITES、CBD和许多区域渔业组织，并阐明了机构重叠的问题以及解决和协调的过程。最后指出海洋治理的必要性和重要性，这样，我的研究可以从回应国际关系理论的新趋势，特别是关注规范的变化和冲突，以及分析渔业资源作为一个案例来进行评估，而渔业资源没有被从国际政治中处理。基于不同规范和协调关切的机构重叠问题非常重要，今后有必要进行其他不同的案例研究。

Research areas of International Politics and International Law had not been interdisciplinary for along time. The constructivist approach of International Politics made a watershed by focusing on roles of norms and therefore approaching International Law. My research, first of all, pays attention to today's trends of theory of International Politics, especially constructivist approach and then analyzes why, when and how norms of international fishery resources have changed.The problems of international fishery resources were recognized as one of the environmental problems since overfishing became widespread and condition of stocks became worse and worse. My research looked over United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED) and analyzed how international fishery resources had become environmental issues. In this process I found that two different norms, sustainable use of resources and preservation with no use, had come into conflict and coordination problems had become tangible. Also relationships of institutions based on each norm became complex after UNCED and here I focused on CITES, CBD and many regional fishery organizations and made clear the problems of overlapped institutions and the process of solution and coordination. Finally my research pointed out the necessity and importance of the ocean governance.In this way, my research may be evaluated from responding a new trend of international relations theory, especially focusing on change and conflict of norms, and also from analyzing fishery resources, which have not been treated from international politics, as a case study. Institutional overlapping problems based on different norms and concern of coordination are very important and in future other different case studies are necessary.