Econometric Analyses for the Evaluation of Medical Treatments

在本研究项目中，我们开发了计量经济学模型，并分析了日本的医疗数据。首先，我们使用髋部骨折住院患者的数据评估住院时间和治疗效果。髋关节骨折是一个重要的问题。在日本，髋部骨折患者的数量随着人口老龄化而迅速增加。髋部骨折是导致老年人卧床不起的主要原因之一。研究评价了2002年4月《医疗服务收费标准》的修订对我国医疗服务收费的影响。我们还分析了可能影响住院时间和治疗效果的因素。分析中使用了新开发的计量经济学模型和计算机程序。其次，使用日本白内障住院患者的相关数据（诊断相关组（DRG）2041）分析了住院时间。住院时间的分析使用的数据有关的病人已经住院， ...更多信息 通过计量经济学模型对白内障进行了验证。其次，我们对处理医疗数据的方法进行了理论分析。住院时间是代表正整数的离散型变量，治疗效果是定性变量。而且，它们是同时确定的。因此，需要新的方法。我们对这些数据进行了定性的、离散的和有限的因变量的理论分析。我们开发了新的计量经济模型及其估计方法，并将其应用于日本企业的雇佣调整行为。关于日本大企业的雇用调整，有一种流行的假设是，劳动投入不是通过裁员来调整，而是通过工作时间来调整，但在赤字时期，雇用人数会迅速减少。我们对这一假说进行了检验，并对20世纪90年代中期以来日本大企业雇佣行为的结构变化进行了评估，认为这些研究对计量经济学、统计学、卫生经济学和劳动经济学领域都有重要贡献。少

In this research project, we developed econometric models and analyzed the Japanese medical data. First, we evaluate the length of hospital stay and effectiveness of treatment using data of patients hospitalized for hip fractures. Hip factures are important problems. In Japan, the number of hip fracture patients has been increasing rapidly with the aging of the population. Hip fractures are one of the major reasons for the elderly to be bedridden. The influence of the Revision of the Medical Service Fee Schedule in April, 2002, is evaluated in the studies. We also analyze factors which may affect the length of hospital stay and effectiveness of treatment. Newly developed econometric models and computer programs were used in the analysis.Secondly, the length of hospital stay was analyzed using data pertaining to patients hospitalized for cataract (Diagnosis Related Groups (DRG) 2041) in Japan. The length of hospital stay is analyzed using data pertaining to patients that have been hospi … More talized for cataract by the econometric models. Next, we performed theoretical analyses of methodology to handle the medical data. The length of stay is a discrete-type variable representing positive integers and the effectiveness of treatment is a qualitative variable. Moreover, they are simultaneously determined. Therefore, new methods are required. We performed the theoretical analyses for these data as qualitative, discrete and limited dependent variables. We developed new econometric models and their estimation methods.Finally, we applied the developed models and methods to the employment adjustment behavior of Japanese firms. A popular hypothesis about the large Japanese firms' employment adjustment is that the labor input is not adjusted by lay-offs but is adjusted by working hours, however, the number of employees is rapidly reduced in deficit periods. We tested the hypothesis and evaluated the structural change on the employment behavior of large Japanese firms from the middle of 1990s.We believe that these studies provided significant contributions to the fields of econometrics, statistics, health economics and labor economics. Less