Long work and short sleep ; Is it really a bad life style?

我们发现工作时间的长短与工人的健康问题之间没有关系。以前的文献表明，几个因素，即，工作的种类，工作的质素，工作场所的人际关系，以及日常生活方式，都会影响工人的身心健康。本研究采用问卷调查法，对885名工人的就业情况和睡眠参数进行了调查，旨在探讨睡眠习惯与睡眠问题及工人心理健康的关系。工作类型、就寝时间、起床时间、总睡眠时间、进餐时间不规律、体育锻炼量是影响工人健康问题的重要因素。尤其是“假日嗜睡”和“就寝时间”对抑郁水平有显著的解释作用（抑郁自评量表），我们对384名工人进行了额外的调查，调查了以前的工作和新的项目的“应对行为”和“发展状况”，并调查了睡眠变量之间的关系，工作时间长短和GHQ（一般健康问卷）测量的健康问题。结果表明，“工作时间长”和“睡眠时间短”并没有直接影响工人的心理健康，但“加班”和“轮班工作制”却通过生活方式和习惯性睡眠模式对他们的心理健康产生了显着影响。研究结果表明，要理解工作与心理压力的关系过程，必须考虑“应对行为”和“发展状况”。我们制作并分发了一本小册子，对上述结果进行了解释。我们现在正在计划未来的研究，以确认小册子对使用活动监测设备的工人的睡眠卫生和生活方式的影响。

We found no relationship between the length of time in work and health problems of workers.Previous literature suggested that several factors; I.e., type of work, quality of job, human relationship at work place, and everyday life style, affect worker's physical and mental health. We specifically focused on the relationships between habitual sleep pattern and sleep problems and worker's mental health in the present study.We conducted a survey by a questionnaire with several items on conditions about the employment and the sleep parameters of 885 workers. Type of work, bedtime, rise time, total sleep time, irregularity of mealtime, and amount of physical exercise were found to be important factors for worker's health problems. Especially 'sleepiness on holidays' and 'bedtime' were significant explaining variables for level of depressiveness, measured by SDS (Self-rating Depression Scale).We conducted additional survey on 384 workers with a questionnaire on items previously employed and new ones on 'coping behavior' and 'developmental status,' and investigated relationship between sleep variables, length of work time and health problem measured by GHQ (General Health Questionnaire). The results showed that 'working long' and 'sleeping short' did not directly affect worker's mental health, but 'overtime work' and 'shift work schedules' turned out to have significant effects on their mental health through lifestyle and habitual sleep patterns. The results revealed that 'coping behavior' and 'developmental status' should be taken into account for understanding the process concerning relationship between work and mental stress.We made and are distributing a brochure where the results mentioned above were explained. We are now planning the future study to confirm the effects of the brochure on hygiene of the sleep and lifestyle of workers using an activity-monitoring device.