EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT IRIS COLORS ON PERCEPTION OF COLOR

为了弄清两组不同虹膜颜色的人对颜色的感知差异，我们在500或30 lx的照度下，对蓝绿虹膜的高加索女性和棕色虹膜的蒙古女性进行了100色相测试，得到了以下结果。在30 lx处，蓝绿虹膜组和棕色虹膜组的总偏差评分差异不显著，而在500 lx处，棕色虹膜组的总偏差评分较低，说明在500 lx处，棕色虹膜组更容易辨别颜色。蓝绿色虹膜组在500 lx照度下，从绿色(G)到紫蓝色（PB）区域的色相识别较褐色虹膜组困难，光照条件下蓝色(B)区域的光谱发光效率下降。两组在30 lx时，红色(R)区域的辨色能力较低，在30 lx和500 lx之间存在显著差异。褐虹膜组在30 lx下蓝(B)区的识别能力明显低于500 lx。由于不同虹膜颜色的人群对颜色的感知存在差异，因此有必要在通用设计中注意虹膜颜色的差异。根据太阳镜使用频率的辨色能力，在棕色虹膜组中，不使用太阳镜的个体的总偏差得分略高于偶尔或经常使用太阳镜的个体，低于500 lx和30 lx。在蓝绿色虹膜组中，不戴太阳镜的个体在500 lx以下的总偏差得分显著高于偶尔或经常戴太阳镜的个体，说明不戴太阳镜的个体的辨色能力较差。这些结果表明紫外线对蓝虹膜组中不戴太阳镜的人的影响。

To clarify the differences in the perception of color between two groups with different iris colors, we measured color discrimination ability by the 100 hue test under an illuminance of 500 or 30 lx in Caucasian females with blue-green irises and Mongoloid females with brown irises, and obtained the following results. The total deviation score at 30 lx did not significantly differ between the blue-green iris and brown iris groups, but that at 500 lx was lower in the brown iris group, suggesting that color discrimination was easier at 500 lx in the brown iris group. In the blue-green iris group, hue discrimination was more difficult in the region from green (G) to purplish blue (PB) compared with the brown iris group under an illuminance of 500 lx, and the spectral luminous efficiency decreased in the blue (B) region in the light condition. In both groups, color discrimination in the red (R) region was low at 30 lx, showing significant differences between 30 lx and 500 lx. In the brown iris group, the discrimination ability in the blue (B) region was significantly lower at 30 lx than at 500 lx. Since color perception differed between the two groups with different iris colors, universal designs giving attention to differences in iris color are necessary.Concerning color discrimination ability according to the frequency of the use of sunglasses, in the brown iris group, the total deviation score was slightly higher in individuals not using sunglasses than in those sometimes or frequently using them under 500 as well as 30 lx. In the blue-green iris group, the total deviation score under 500 lx was significantly higher in individuals not using sunglasses than in those sometimes or frequently using them, showing a poorer color discrimination ability in individuals not using sunglasses. These results suggest the influences of UV in individuals in the blue-iris group not using sunglasses.