Influence of Exporting Japanese Recyclable Resources to Asia on Constructing the Recycling・based Society of Japan

近年来，日本大量可回收资源出口到亚洲国家，对日本循环型社会的建设产生了不利影响，对亚洲国家造成了严重的污染。因此，本研究调查了废旧PET瓶出口的现状及其对国内产业的影响，特别是废旧PET瓶、二手家电和二手个人电脑生产者责任的延伸，并提出了平衡国家回收和国际回收的政策性建议。(1)通过对废旧PET瓶的市场分析，市场形成了部分有价值的市场，地方财政支持的市场价格体系促进了出口。取消特定企业的回收义务，将导致促进对亚洲更多的出口，并导致国内回收业务的下降。2006年对《最低生活费用法》的修订将产生一些影响，即增加将废物从市政当局运送到指定公司的费用。消除市政府独立处理的一个根本措施是将从出口价格中减去投标价格的余额放在特定企业的回收佣金中。(2)本研究提出了扩大出口商责任(EER)来解决这一问题。EER的制度是，政府对出口到亚洲的二手家电征收废品出口附加费，并将附加费返还给亚洲国家。从数学上验证了能源率能够内部化外部成本，实现社会成本在国家循环与国际循环之间的最优分配和最大经济福利。

In recent years, a large number of Japanese recyclable resources have been exported to Asian countries, and that has bad effects on constructing the recycling-based society of Japan, and that causes severe pollutions in Asian countries. So, this research investigates of actual conditions of that exporting and effects on domestic industry especially the extended producer responsibility on used PET bottles, used electric household appliances and used personal computers, and makes political proposals for a desirable way of balance of national recycle and international recycle.(1) As a result of the market analysis of the waste PET-bottle, the market forms the partially valuable market, and the system of the market price that is supported by the local finance promotes exports. Lifting the specific enterpriser's obligation to recycle that will cause to promote more exports to Asia and to decline the domestic recycling business. The amendment of the Low in 2006 will have some effect that increase to deliver the waste from municipalities to the designated corporation. A radical measure to dissolve the municipality's independent treatment is to lay the balance of subtracting the bidding price from the exportation price on the specific enterpriser's commission charge for recycling.(2) This research proposes the Extended Exporter Responsibility (EER) to solve that problem. The system of EER is that the Government levies the waste products export surcharge on a used electric household appliance exporting to Asia, and gives that surcharge back to Asian countries. We have verified mathematically that EER can internalize the external cost and can achieve the optimum distribution of the social cost and the maximum economic welfare between national recycle and international recycle.