Stability of high-density hadron / quark n ; Latter and kaon condensation

由Kaon凝聚态、超子和核子组成的自束束态，我们称之为Kaon凝聚超核(KCyN)，是具有多重奇异性的强子系统的存在形式之一。(1)利用液滴图像，我们考虑了KCyN能量中的表面势和库仑势效应。在电荷、奇异性(S)和重子数(A)守恒条件下，得到了KCyN的基态能量。研究表明，超子混合对高密度、深束缚天体的形成起着重要作用。A和S的系统变化表明，嵌入的K介子数目应该与A相当，才能形成深度束缚的KCyN。在这种情况下，KCyn对强衰变过程是稳定的，它只通过多次弱过程衰变。(2)在相对论平均场模型中，我们通过求解核子、K介子和其他(sigma，omega，Rho)介子的运动方程，与核子的局域密度近似自洽地求解了多反高子核的性质。结果表明，由于手征对称性而产生的介子间排斥相互作用的非线性项随着嵌入的K介子数目的增加而有效地增大。与有超子混合的情况(1)相比，在没有超子混合的情况下，核内核密度和结合能的增加并不显著。我们还讨论了无限大均匀物质中多反介子核与介子凝聚之间的关系。

Self bound states composed of kaon condensates, hyperons, and nucleons, which we call the kaon-condensed hypernuclei (KCYN), have been investigated as one of the existing forms of hadronic system with multi-strangeness.(1) Using a liquid-drop picture, we take into account surface and Coulomb potential effects in the energy of the KCYN. The ground state energy of the KCYN is obtained under the electric charge, strangeness (S), and baryon number (A) conservation conditions. It has been shown that hyperon-mixing plays an important role on the formation of highly dense and deeply bound objects. Systematic change of A and S shows that the number of the embedded K- mesons should be comparable to A to form deeply bound KCYN. In this case, the KCYN is stable against strong decay processes, and it decays only through multiple weak processes.(2) In the relativistic mean-field model, we considered properties of multi-antikaonic nuclei by solving the equations of motion for nucleons, K- mesons, and other (sigma, omega, rho) mesons self-consistently with a local density approximation for nucleons. It has been shown that the nonlinear terms for repulsive interaction between kaons stemming from chiral symmetry become effectively large as the number of the embedded K- mesons increases. Without hyperon-mixing, the increase in the nuclear density inside the nucleus and binding energy is not remarkable as compared with the case (1) with hyperon-mixing. We also discussed a relation between the multi-antikaonic nuclei and kaon condensation in infinite and uniform matter.