RESEARCH ON COMMUNITY-BASED CARING SYSIEM FOR WELFARE IN WE DEPOPULATE, AGING AREA OF JAPAN AND SWEDEN

本研究以日本和歌山的Minabe、熊本的Sagara为老龄化、人口减少的典型案例，瑞典的Alvesta虽小，但已制定了自己的长期照顾计划，在此基础上，通过对居住环境的研究，了解居民对照顾的需求，建立以社区为基础的照顾体系，构建一个适应性强、普适性强的居住环境模式。通过与居民交换意见。因此，与市政府的福利部门合作进行研究是非常有意义的。首先，通过访谈调查了老人、残疾人、护理人员、儿童和父母的实际生活状况，发现了以下问题和特点：1.老人和孩子之间需要友谊。互相帮助的关系是重要的3。应减少对照顾的不安和负担。在此基础上，探讨了福利设施的类型，并指出了以下几个特点。2.紧密根据居民的要求。可以步行参观。3.每次都可以使用。4.个人和家庭式的关怀。从这个角度来看，我们提出了建设紧凑和组的家，这所房子的建设已经完成，7人住在那里。最后，我们提出了一种新型的“卫星”式多功能日间服务中心，如“Alvesta Sweden”，作为一种紧凑的、可持续的区域护理模式。

The purpose of this study is to grasp the requirements of residents about caring, establish the community-based system of caring, and make an adaptable and universal model of residential environment.In this research, Minabe in Wakayama, Sagara in Kumamoto in Japan were chosen as typical case of aging and depopulated local town.The other side, Alvesta in Sweden is very small but already drew up own plan of caring for long time, through exchanging opinions with residents. So, it is significant to collaborate with the welfare section of the town office and make researches.At first, the actual situation about life of the aged, the handicapped, workers in caring, children and parents were investigated by some interviews, and following problems and characteristics in Minabe and Sagara were found1. Friendship between the aged and children is needed.2. Relations helping each other are significant3. Uneasiness and load about caring should be reduced.4. Residents are in intimate term with their administrator.And then, the types of welfare facilities were discussed, and following characteristics are suggested.1. Based closely on the requirements of residents.2. Possible to visit on foot.3. Possible to use every time.4. Individual and home-style caring. From this point of view, we proposed to construct compact and group home and the construction of this house was completed, 7 people are living there. The model of residential environment was also discussed and 'small, multi-functional, dispersed, community-based' facilities were necessary.Finally we proposed a new type of 'Satellite' of multi - purpose day service center, such as 'Alvesta Sweden' as a compact and sustainable model of regional care.