Intakes of vitamins and carotenoids and prostate cancer risk in a case-control study

为了阐明膳食维生素和类胡萝卜素摄入量与日本男性前列腺癌风险之间的关系，我们进行了一项以医院为基础的病例对照研究。研究对象包括260例前列腺癌病例和1599名男性医院对照，年龄在50岁及以上，住在一家医院（宫城癌症中心）。饮食信息采用自填频率问卷（FFQ）收集，包括40种食物。我们开发了一个与问卷中列出的项目相对应的食物成分表，通过将每种食物的食用频率乘以指定份量的营养含量，并将所有食物的这些值相加，计算出每日维生素和类胡萝卜素的摄入量。采用无条件logistic回归分析评估维生素和类胡萝卜素摄入量与前列腺癌风险的关系，并对出生年份、调查年份、居住地区、转诊基础、吸烟史、饮酒史、父母和兄弟姐妹的前列腺癌家族史、职业史、总热量摄入和身高进行校正。前列腺癌风险与饮食中a -胡萝卜素、β -胡萝卜素、隐黄质、维生素D、α-生育酚、维生素B_6、维生素B_12、叶酸和抗坏血酸的摄入量没有关联。至于蔬菜和水果，白菜的摄入量与前列腺癌风险呈负相关，晚期前列腺癌风险的降低与绿色蔬菜摄入量的增加有关。十字花科蔬菜与前列腺癌风险之间的关系有待进一步研究。

To elucidate the associations of dietary vitamins and carotenoids intakes with prostate cancer risk in Japanese men, we conducted a hospital-based case-control study. Study subjects consisted of 260 prostate cancer cases and 1599 male hospital controls, aged 50 and over admitted to a single hospital (Miyagi Cancer Center). Information on diet was collected using a self administered tad frequency questionnaire (FFQ) including 40 food items. We developed a food composition table that corresponded to the items listed in the questionnaire, and calculated daily vitamins and carotenoids intakes by multiplying the consumption frequency of each food by the nutrient content of the assigned portion size and summing these values for all foods. The risk of prostate cancer for the intakes of vitamins and carotenoids were assessed using unconditional logistic regression analysis adjusted for year of birth, year of survey, area of residence, referral base, smoking history, history of alcohol drinking family history of prostate cancer in parents and siblings, occupational history, total caloric intake and height We also investigated the risk for related vegetables and fruits intakes. There was no association between prostate cancer risk and dietary intakes of a -carotene, β -carotene, cryptoxanthin, vitamin D, α-tocopherols, vitamin B_6 vitamin B_12, folate, and ascorbic acid. As for vegetables and fruits, Intake of Chinese cabbage was inversely associated with the prostate cancer risk and decreasing risk of advanced prostate cancer was associated with increasing intake of green vegetables. The association between cruciferous vegetables and prostate cancer risk should be explored in further studies.