Development of excretion-solidification methods and establishment of excretion-treatment systems in home care

在家庭护理中处理排泄物和减少和简化废物处理是减轻排泄物对受照顾者和照顾者造成的身心负荷，维持清洁和卫生生活的重要课题。为了解决这些问题，本研究对家庭护理中排泄物处理系统的建立和排泄物固化方法的发展进行了研究。通过对粪便治疗引起的环境污染现状和护理人员身心负荷的研究，揭示了粪便治疗对衣物的污染和感染，以及粪便治疗的费用。此外，使用一次性纸尿裤引起的皮肤问题，如皮疹、皮肤脱落、皮肤损伤等，是最重要的问题。掌握护理对象的排泄规律，正确使用一次性纸尿裤，对减少排泄污染应是最有效的。接下来，为了检验排泄-凝固方法，研究了单宁化合物对蛋白质的凝固作用。柿子、含羞草和密罗巴兰单宁具有更高的凝固蛋白质的能力。用这些单宁固定的纤维素具有极好的吸收蛋白质的能力。结果表明，单宁具有凝蛋白、抗氧化、抗菌、储水、除臭等多种功能，可有效地用于纸尿裤。另一方面，葡萄糖和氨基葡萄糖的低聚糖显示出更高的抗氧化能力。这些结果在2007年日本化学学会第87届年会上发表，并发表在放射分析与核化学杂志，272(2)251-255（2007）和世界微生物学与生物技术杂志，在线出版（2007）。

The processing of the excretion-treatment in home care and the reduction and simplification of waste treatments are important subjects for the mitigation of physical and mental loads caused by the excretion both for care receivers and care givers, the maintenance of clean and sanitary life. In this research, to settle these problems, the establishment of excretion-treatment systems in home care and the development of excretion-solidification methods were examined.The research on the realities of the environmental pollution caused by the excretion treatments and the physical and mental loads for care givers revealed the clothes-contamination and infection by excretion-treatment, the expense of excretion treatment. Furthermore, the skin troubles, such as feeling itchy rash, skin-peeling, and skin injury, of care receivers by using disposable diapers are the most important affairs. The grasp of the excretion pattern of care receivers, the proper use of disposable diapers should be most effective for the reduction of excretion pollution.Next, to examine the excretion-solidification methods, the coagulation of proteins by tannin compounds was examined. Persimmon, mimosa and myrobalan tannins have higher abilities to coagulate proteins. Cellulose immobilized with these tannins have an excellent ability to absorb proteins. These results indicated that tannins, having variable abilities, such as protein-coagulation, anti-oxidant, anti-bacterial, water reserve and smell removing, are effective to use for disposable diapers. On the other hand, oligo-saccharides of glucose and glucosamin indicated higher anti-oxidant abilities. These results were reported at the 87th Annual Meeting of the Chemical Society of Japan (2007), and published on the Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry, 272 (2) 251-255 (2007), and the World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, on-line publishing (2007).