Preparation of marine derived bionanofiers and their optically transparent high performance nanocomposites

以干燥的蟹壳为原料，去除蛋白质和矿物质，在不干燥的酸性条件下进行简单研磨处理，制备出甲壳素纳米纤维。通过FE-SEM对所制得的纳米纤维进行了观察，发现其宽度均匀，约为10 ~ 20 nm，长径比高；这两项发现与对虾纳米纤维的发现相似。进一步证实，纳米纤维是从蟹壳天然几丁质/蛋白/矿物复合材料中提取的。元素分析数据、FT-IR光谱和x射线衍射谱证实，n -乙酰基没有移动，甲壳素的晶体结构保持不变。采用丙烯酸树脂制备了光学透明甲壳素纳米纤维复合材料。由于几丁质纳米纤维具有扩展晶体结构的增强作用，使其杨氏模量和抗拉强度显著增加，并降低了所有丙烯酸树脂的热膨胀。

Chitin nanofibers were prepared from dried crab shells by a simple grinding treatment in a never-dried state under n acidic condition after the removal of proteins and minerals. The obtained nanofibers were observed by FE-SEM and ound to have a uniform width of approximately 10-20 nm and high aspect ratio; both these findings were similar to hose for nanofibers from prawns. Furthermore, it was confirmed that the nanofibers were extracted from the aturalchitin/protein/mineral composites of crab shell in their original state. That is, the N-acetyl group was not emoved and the chitin crystal structure was maintained, as confirmed by elemental analysis data, FT-IR spectra, and X-ray diffraction profiles.Optically transparent chitin nanofiber composites were fabricated with acrylic resins. Chitin nanofibers rastically increased the Young's moduli and the tensile strengths, and decreased the thermal expansion of all acrylic resins due to the reinforcement effect of chitin nanofibers having an extended crystal structure.