Fundamental study of friction generation on the basis of visualization of contact area between tire and road

采用光诱导荧光法，观察了轮胎（橡胶）与玻璃板在潮湿条件下薄水膜接触的真实的面积。目的是建立从根本上分析摩擦产生与真实的接触面积之间关系的实验技术。提出了一种基于灰度直方图的高斯分布拟合的真实的接触区域提取方法。通过赫兹接触理论计算结果与实验结果的对比，验证了该方法的有效性。研制了往复滑动摩擦和滚滑摩擦试验机。结果表明，摩擦力测量精度适合测量冰上摩擦力，并且可以同时测量摩擦力和真实的接触面积。

The real area of contact between a tire (rubber) and a glass plate under wet condition with thin water film was visualized using light induced fluorescence method. It was aimed to establish experimental technique analyzing the relation between friction generation and the real area of contact in fundamental manner. The real contact area extraction technique by the Gaussian distribution fitting to the intensity histogram obtained from the visualized image was developed. And its validity was confirmed by the comparison between the theoretical result of Hertzian contact and the experimental result. A tester to measure reciprocating sliding friction and rolling-sliding friction was developed. It was confirmed that the frictional force measurement accuracy was suitable for measuring friction on ice and also that the frictional force and the real contact area could be measured at the same time.