Split Intransitivity in Japanese

本研究主要围绕以下两个方面展开，这两个方面的研究将导致早期和古代日语格标记系统的新特点。(1)格标记的活动-不活动，wo，si，i。(2)主句中由空论元组成的格标记系统的主动-被动。与现代日语不同，早期古日语的格助词wo不仅标记被动不及物动词的宾语，还标记主语。格助词si是早期古日语所特有的，它和wo一样只标记内部论元。因此，wo和si被表征为非活性标记。格助词i只标记及物动词和主动不及物动词的主语。因此，i被表征为活性标记。另一方面，我讨论了在旧日语中由空论元组成的主句格系统。结论归纳如下。旧日语主句格系统是一个既不作格也不作格的系统，而是一个概念上中和了这种划分的系统，是一个没有作格或作格标记的系统。

This research was carried out with the main focus on the following two points which will lead to the new character of case marking system in early old and old Japanese.(1) Active-inactivity of case markers, wo, si, i.(2) Active-inactivity of a case marking system that consists of null arguments in main clauses.Differing from modern Japanese, in early old Japanese case particle wo marks not only objects but also subjects of inactive intransitive verbs. Case particle si, which is peculiar to early old Japanese, marks only internal arguments in the same way as wo. Therefore, wo and si are characterized as an inactive marker. Case particle i marks only subjects of transitive verbs and active intransitive verbs. Therefore, i is characterized as an active marker. On the other hand, I discussed a case system of main clauses that consists of null arguments in old Japanese. The conclusion is summed up in the following. The case system of main clauses in old Japanese is a system that neither accusative nor ergative, but rather a system that conceptually neutralizes this division, a system unmarked as to accusative or ergative.