Breakout floods from caldera lakes : geology, geomorphology and paleohydrology

火山坝或破火山口边缘溃决所引发的特大型突发性洪水，可导致大规模的洪水，蓄水量大，泥沙含量高。特大洪水可以从源头火山传播到很远的地方，最终影响到下游地区的地形和水文，最终威胁到人类的生命和经济。本研究的重点是奥入濑河集水区和十和田破火山口湖以及设拉河集水区和阿索破火山口的地貌和沉积特征。这意味着熔结凝灰岩喷发后，火山口湖溃坝造成的火山成因灾难性洪水。

Catastrophic outburst floods by a breach of volcanic dam or caldera rim can cause large-magnitude ones with large volume of impounded water with sediments. The extreme floods can travel long distance from the source volcano that ultimately affect onto landform and hydrology further downstream areas and threaten human life and economy eventually. This research focused on geomorphic and sedimentary features in the Oirase River catchment area and Towada caldera lake, and the Shira River catchment area and Aso caldera. Those imply volcanogenic catastrophic floods by dambreak of caldera lakes after ignimbrite eruptions.