Post-USSR dynamics of language situation in Central Asian countries

在苏联解体20年后的今天，中亚国家的语言状况发生了翻天覆地的变化。根据在这些国家进行的实地调查，这项研究表明，各官方民族语言在社会中的使用范围正在扩大，俄语的地位已不出所料地从第一权威语言过渡到第二权威语言，特别是以官方民族语言、俄语和英语为导向的语言教育政策一直在加强。这些现象与若干社会变化密切相关：(A)俄罗斯人在其中发挥核心作用的多民族社会结构的瓦解；(B)在核心民族民族主义的基础上推行的语言政策；(C)核心民族、各自的官方民族语言和伊斯兰教具有至高无上价值观的世界观的传播；(D)中亚国家一直在全球化和本地化。

The language situation in Central Asian countries has drastically changed today, 20 years after the collapse of the USSR. On the basis of fieldwork conducted in those countries, this research revealed that the sphere of each official ethnic national language use has been expanding more widely in society, that the status of the Russian language has been predictably transiting from the first authoritative language to the second, and that language education policy, in which the official ethnic national language, Russian and English are in particular oriented, has been strengthening. These phenomena are closely related to several social changes : (a) a dismantling of multi-ethnic society structures in which the Russians had been playing a central role ; (b) language policy that has been promoted on the basis of core ethnic nationalism ; (c) the spread of world views in which core ethnic groups, their respective official national language, and Islam have paramount values ; and (d) Central Asian countries have been both globalizing and localizing.