Effect of Vitamin D3 on Antimicrobial Peptides Expression in Keratinocyte.

哺乳动物的先天免疫系统对包括细菌、病毒、真菌和寄生虫在内的多种感染源的攻击具有快速反应能力。该系统的一个主要组成部分是阳离子抗菌肽的潜水组合，其中包括α-和β-防御素(HBDS)，以及长春花素(LL-37)。HBDS和LL-37属于一组主要由皮肤、肺、肾、胰腺、URERU、眼和口腔上皮等多种器官的上皮细胞产生的抗菌肽。口腔上皮由不同程度角化的复层角质形成细胞组成。细胞紧密连接的分子成分，包括Claudins、occludin和ZO-1，有助于口腔上皮角质形成细胞的动态平衡。角质形成细胞的许多功能受维生素D的活性形式1，25-二羟基维生素D3(1，25-D3)的调节，包括抑制增殖、刺激分化、促进天然免疫和获得性免疫。目前尚不清楚1，25-D3是否影响角质形成细胞中hBDS、LL-37、claudin、ocludin和ZO-1的表达。1，25-D3诱导的角质形成细胞HBD-1、HBD-2、IL-37和CLA-4表达上调，CLA-1表达下调，且呈剂量和时间依赖关系。与任何剂量的1，25-D3孵育均不改变HBD-1、-3的表达水平。

The innate immune system of mammals provides a rapid response to repel assaults from numerous infectious agents including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites. A major component of this system is a diver combination of cationic antimicrobial peptides that include the α- and β-defensins (hBDs), and cathelicidin (LL-37). hBDs and LL-37 belong to a group of antimicrobial peptides mainly produced by the epithelial cells of many organ including skin, lung, kidney, pancreas, urerus, eye, and oral epithelium. The oral epithelium consists of stratified keratinocytes with a variable degree of keratinization. The molecular components of cellular tight junctions, including claudins, occludin and ZO-1, contribute to homeostasis in oral epithelial keratinocytes. Many functions of keratinocytes are regulated by 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25-D3), the active form of vitamin D, that includes inhibition of proliferation, stimulation of differentiation and promotion of innate and adaptive immunity. It is still unclear whether 1,25-D3 affects the expression of hBDs, LL-37, claudin, ocludin and ZO-1 in keratinoccytes. The keratinocytes incubated with 1,25-D3 induced upregulated expression of hBD-1, hBD-2, LL-37 and cla-4, downregulated expression of cla-1 in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Incubation with 1,25-D3 at any dose did not alter expression level of hBD-1, -3.