New tailored carbon nanofilaments for catalytic applications

该项目涉及碳纳米丝和纳米管的合成，表征和放大制备，并将重点关注其在催化中的应用，直接作为催化剂或作为高外表面积催化剂载体。它们也将被用作纳米材料合成的可移动模板。如今，这些碳纳米结构是正在研究的最令人兴奋的新材料之一，因为它们在新技术和工艺中具有巨大的应用潜力。在这些新技术中，催化领域似乎是最有前途的领域之一。在斯特拉斯堡的实验室中通过催化烃分解成功地实现了高产率的合成。通过该方法获得的产品不需要任何进一步的纯化，这显著降低了生产成本。该合成工艺的规模扩大将是该项目的主要目标之一，同时也是碳纳米丝结构的精确控制。对增长动力的理解岌岌可危。碳纳米丝可以提供几种性质，这取决于在外表面处暴露的面。通过调整石墨烯片和X轴之间的角度，可以连续地改变材料的表面物理化学（疏水/亲水性质、表面酸碱功能、氧化还原活性等）。具有良好选择性控制的催化氧化脱水反应（在非官能化石墨烯基面上的氧的活化）将是第一个研究的反应。目标反应物是轻质线性烃和烯烃，其中产物是轻质烯烃、苯乙烯和/或相应的含氧分子。这些材料的高外表面积和活性相和暴露的石墨平面之间的特殊相互作用对其他液相和气相反应也将进行研究具有根本性的影响。模板剂的应用主要涉及磁性组分和纳米沸石的合成。

The project deals with the synthesis, the characterisation and the scale-up preparation of carbon nanofilaments and nanotubes, and will also be focused on their uses in catalysis, directly as catalyst or as high external surface area catalyst supports. They will also be used as removable template for nanomaterial syntheses. Nowadays these carbon nanostructures are among the most exciting new materials being investigated because of their great potential for uses in new technologies and processes. Among these new technologies, the field of catalysis seems to be one of the most promising. Syntheses with high yields were successfully achieved in the laboratory in Strasbourg via catalytic hydrocarbon decomposition. The products obtained by this process do not need any further purifications, which significantly reduces the production cost. The scale-up of this synthesis process will be one of the main objective of the project together with the accurate control of the carbon nanofilament structure. The comprehension of the growth kinetic is at stake. Carbon nanofilaments can offer several properties, depending on the faces exposed at the outer surfaces. By tailoring the angle between the graphene sheets and the nanofiber axis, one can continuously modify the surface physico-chemistry of the material (hydrophobic/hydrophilic properties, surface acid-base functions, redox activity, ...). The catalytic oxidehydration reaction (activation of oxygen on the non-functionalised graphene basal planes) with a good control in selectivity will be the first studied reaction. Target reactants are light linear hydrocarbons and ethylbenzene, where products are light olefins, styrene and/or the corresponding oxygenated molecules. The high external surface area of these materials and the peculiar interactions between the active phase and the exposed graphite plane have fundamental implications for other liquid and gas phase reactions which will also be studied. Removable template uses will mainly concern magnetic component and nanozeolite synthesis.