Preparation of functional materials by the chemical modification of natural and chemical fibers

通过对各种纤维进行化学改性制备功能材料的研究，找到了有效利用废纤维的途径。用紫外辐照法在不同条件下接枝碱性单体DMAEA和DMAPAA。确定了最佳实验条件。所得接枝纤维素材料对阴离子表面活性剂LAS（线性烷基苯磺酸盐）在水中的吸附性能良好。另外，将丙烯酸接枝到人造丝和PET材料上，所得产物用氢氧化钠中和。所得的丙烯酸钠接枝纤维素或PET片能有效吸附水中的铵离子和空气中的铵离子。由于目前还没有有效的吸附科学理论，我们开始进行挥发性有机物对河流和合成多肽的吸附实验。实验结果表明，纤维或多肽的聚合物结构不同，对化合物的吸附也不同。本研究表明，通过简单的吸附实验可以观察到高分子材料分子结构的微小差异，这为今后的研究提供了一个新颖的、原创性的方向。

The study was carried out to prepare functional materials by the chemical modification of various fibers, which leads to the way of effective use of waste fibers. The cellulose fibers (cotton or rayon) were grafted with basic monomers,DMAEA and DMAPAA under various conditions by the UV irradiation. The optimum experimental conditions were determined. The obtained grafted cellulose materials adsorbed well anionic surfactant, LAS (linear alkyl benzene sulfonate) in water. In addition, acrylic acid was grafted on rayon and PET materials, and the obtained products were neutralized with sodium hydroxide. The obtained sodium acrylate grafted cellulose or PET chips adsorbed effectively ammonium ion in water and ammonium in air. As no effective theories on the adsorption science were given as far, we started to carry out the adsorption experiments of volatile organic compounds to fivers and synthetic polypeptides. The experimental results showed that the difference in polymer structures of fibers or polypeptides gave the difference in the adsorption of the compounds. The present study suggests that the very small difference in molecular structures in polymer materials can be seen by the simple adsorption experiment, which gives a novel, original research in future.