Effect of lifestyle and single nucleotide polymorphisms on breast cancer risk: A case-control study in Japanese women

[研究背景]生活方式，包括饮食、体力活动、出生/母乳喂养史等都是影响乳腺癌发病风险的重要因素。单核苷酸多态性（SNPs）与乳腺癌风险之间的相关性也已在一些报告中提出，但基因-环境相互作用与乳腺癌风险尚未得到广泛研究。[方法]以476例乳腺癌患者和528例健康体检者为研究对象，均无乳腺癌病史。生活方式调查采用问卷调查，包括48个问题，涉及饮食、体力活动、吸烟习惯、饮酒、生育/母乳喂养史等。（TNRC 9-rs3803662、LSP 1/11 q-rs3817198、MAP 3 K1-rs 889312、8 q24-rs 13281615、5 p12-rs 981782和TGFβ1-rs 1800470），并在多元逻辑回归分析中计算年龄调整的比值比。[结果]研究时间为2010年12月至2011年11月。生活方式因素 ...更多信息 （年龄校正比值比，[95%置信区间]）与乳腺癌发生有显著相关性的因素包括BMI（1.041，[1.00 - 1.08]）、吸烟史（2.28，[1.45 - 3.65]）、生育次数少（1.18，[1.05 - 1.34]）、闲暇时间不锻炼（1.36，[1.06 - 1.77]），绿色和黄色蔬菜摄入量低（1.69，[1.01 - 2.85]），蘑菇摄入量低（1.58，[1.05 - 2.39]）。基于绝经状态的分层分析显示，吸烟史（1.85，[1.00 - 3.49]）和绿色和黄色蔬菜摄入量低（2.5，[1.03 - 5.88]）是绝经前的显著危险因素，吸烟史（2.28，[1.45 - 3.65]），绿色和黄色蔬菜摄入量低（2.24，[1.09 - 4.68]），休闲时间不运动（1.67，[1.19 - 2.36]）、生育次数少（1.49，[1.25 - 1.78]）、无母乳喂养史（1.03，[1.01 - 1.06]）是绝经后的显著危险因素。SNP分析结果提示，TNRC 9-rs3803662是绝经前妇女的显著危险因素（2.29，[1.25 - 4.25]）。然而，在包括生活方式因素和SNPs的多变量分析中，只有吸烟史是绝经前妇女的重要危险因素。[结论]生活方式与乳腺癌发病风险存在相关性，与以往研究结果一致。生活方式和环境因素，如生育和母乳喂养可能比SNPs更重要，是乳腺癌的危险因素。少

[Background] Lifestyle, including diet and physical activity, and birth/breastfeeding history are known to affectthe risk for breast cancer. A correlation between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and breast cancer risk has also been suggested in some reports, but the gene-environment interaction with breast cancer risk has not been examined widely.[Methods] The subjects were 476 breast cancer patients and 528 controls who attended a health check and had no history of breast cancer. Lifestyle was examined using a questionnaire with 48 questions about diet, physical activity, smoking habits, alcohol intake, and birth/breastfeeding history, etc. Based on past reports, we analyzed 6 SNPs (TNRC9-rs3803662,LSP1/11q-rs3817198, MAP3K1-rs889312, 8q24-rs13281615, 5p12-rs981782, and TGFβ1-rs1800470) using blood samples, and calculated age-adjusted odds ratios in a multiple logistic regression analysis. [Results] The study was performed from December 2010 to November 2011. Lifestyle factors … More (age-adjusted odds ratio, [95% confident interval]) found to have a significant correlation with development of breast cancer included BMI (1.041, [1.00 - 1.08]), smoking history (2.28, [1.45 - 3.65]), small number of births (1.18, [1.05 - 1.34]), no exercise during leisure time (1.36, [1.06 - 1.77]), low intake of green and yellow vegetables (1.69, [1.01 - 2.85]), and low intake of mushrooms (1.58, [1.05 - 2.39]). Stratified analysis based on menopause status showed that smoking history (1.85, [1.00 - 3.49]) and low intake of green and yellow vegetables (2.5, [1.03 - 5.88]) were significant risk factors before menopause, and that smoking history (2.28, [1.45 - 3.65]),low intake of green and yellow vegetables (2.24, [1.09 - 4.68]), no exercise during leisure time (1.67, [1.19 - 2.36]), small number of births (1.49, [1.25 - 1.78]), and no breastfeeding history (1.03, [1.01 - 1.06]) were significant risk factors after menopause. The results of SNP analysis suggested that TNRC9-rs3803662 was a significant risk factor in women before menopause (2.29, [1.25 - 4.25]). However, in multivariate analysis including lifestyle factors and SNPs, only smoking history emerged as a significant risk factor in women before menopause. [Conclusion] A correlation between lifestyle and breast cancer risk was found in this study, consistent with previous findings. Lifestyle and environmental factors such as births and breastfeeding may be more important than SNPs as risk factors for breast cancer. Less