A Study of Subjective Construal of Events in English, Japanese and other Languages

该项目阐明了：(1)使用悬垂分词结构的动机是，它从概念化者的角度描述了两种情况的顺序：“当（概念化者）在分词中做事件时，（概念化者）在主句中意识到情况。”(2)一些悬垂分词进一步发展元语言、人际或主体间功能：“考虑”作为限制语，“继续”和“谈论”作为话题转换功能，“假设”作为向听者提问的功能。(3)英语、法语和日语的对比表明，在元语言的发展过程中，当悬垂分词在语言中占有显著地位时，悬垂分词的人际使用往往更为频繁。

The project has explicated that (1) the motivation for the use of dangling participial construction is that it describes the sequence of two situations from a conceptualizer's perspective: "When [the conceptualizer] doing the event in a participle, [the conceptualizer realizes] the situation in the main clause." (2) some dangling participles further develop metalinguistic, interpersonal or intersubjective function: _considering_ as a hedge, _moving on_ and _speaking of which_ as a topic changing function, and _supposing_ as casting question to the hearer. (3)the comparison between English, French and Japanese suggests that it the development of metalinguistic, interpersonal use of dangling participles tend to be observed more often when the dangling participles in the language has a marked status.