Extraction of excellent nursing competencies from visiting nurses involved in terminal care and an attempt to develop educational materials

本研究的目的是开发一种教育DVD，使访问护士的能力可视化。研究的第一阶段是基于对5名参与临终关怀的访问护士的陪伴观察和访谈，提炼出访问护士所必需的七种护理能力。确定的能力如下：“作出准确的判断”，“以患者和家庭为中心的护理”，“缓解疼痛”，“向患者和家人保证”，“家庭护理”，“医生、其他医疗服务提供者、患者和家人之间的协调”，以及“作为一名访问护士的自我发展”。第二阶段是开发一个教育DVD，由四个部分组成：患者的生活回顾，以提供舒适为目的的淋巴按摩的实施，访问护士的能力描述，这项研究的最后阶段是对DVD作为教育材料的评估。通过对7名访问护士和159名护生观看后对DVD的书面评价的分析，表明本DVD在可视化访问护士能力方面是有效的。

The purpose of this study was to develop an educational DVD with which visiting nurses’ competences can be visualized.The first phase of the study was to extract seven nursing competencies necessary for visiting nurses based on accompaniment-observations and interviews of five visiting nurses involved in terminal care. The identified competencies were as follows: "making accurate judgments," "patient- and family-centered care," "pain relief," "assuring the patient and the family," "family care," "coordination among the doctor, the other health care providers, the patient and the family," and "self-development as a visiting nurse."The second phase was to develop an educational DVD, which consisted of four episodes: a patient’s life review, an implementation of a lympho-massage with a purpose of providing comfort, a visiting nurse’s account of competencies, and a visiting nurses’ conference.The final phase of this study was evaluation of the DVD as educational materials. Based on an analysis of written evaluations of the DVD by the seven visiting nurses and 159 nursing students after viewing it, it became evident that the present DVD was effective in visualizing visiting nurses’ competences.