Analysis of trophoblastic cell lineages and mechanism for multinucleation in bovine trophoblastic cell lines

滋养层细胞来源于桑拿膜外层，是着床和胎盘形成的关键细胞。牛滋养层细胞含有两种特定的细胞：单核和双核，它们分别表达和产生各种特定的分子。在这项研究中，我们研究了滋养层细胞谱系的机制，即形态和功能分化，使用先前建立的细胞系。Matrigel来源于细胞外基质，能有效地诱导滋养层细胞分化。与逆转录元件表达增加相关的双成核。分化后的细胞产生反转录因子Fematrin-1，被称为胎母三核细胞诱导剂1，具有牛滋养层细胞和子宫内膜细胞的融合活性。这些结果为牛胎盘细胞间融合提供了直接证据，并为牛的繁殖，特别是早期妊娠开辟了新的视野。

Trophoblastic cells, derived from the outer layer of morula, are key cell for implantation and placentation. Bovine trophoblastic cells contain two specific cells; mononucleate and binucleate, and they express and produce various specific molecules, individually. In this study, we examined the mechanism of trophoblastic cell lineage, namely morphological and functional differentiation, using previously established cell lines. Matrigel, which derived from extra-cellular matrix, effectively induced trophoblastic cell differentiation. The bi-nucleation associated with increasing expression of retro-element. The differentiated cells produced retro-element molecule, fematrin-1, which was named by fetomaternal trinucleate cell inducer 1, and it, has a fusion activity between trophoblastic cells and endometrial cells in bovine. These results showed a direct evidence for cell-to-cell fusion in bovine placenta and open a new sight for bovine reproduction, especially early gestation.