Theoretical Analysis of Suicide due to Economic Difficulties: For Preventing the Rising Tide of Middle-Aged Suicides

我把那些出于经济原因考虑自杀的人的决定正式化。在这样做的时候，我考虑了他们推迟自杀行动的选择，这在自杀经济学的理论文献中通常被忽视。我数值模拟的模型，显示收入波动的风险增加的结果在上升的最低收入水平所需的青年自杀预防以及老年人自杀预防。仿真结果还表明，前者的上升速度比后者快。我通过引入两种预防自杀的失业救济金来扩展这个模型。一个是福利金额是预先确定的。另一个是，补助金的数额与个人失业前的收入水平成比例。我比较了这两种类型，得出的结论是，固定金额的福利是更好的预防自杀的收入比例。

I formalize the decision-making of those who contemplate suicide for economic reasons. In so doing, I take into account their option to postpone the action of committing suicide, which is typically ignored in the theoretical literature on economics of suicide. I numerically simulate the model, showing that an increased risk of income fluctuations results in a rise of the minimum level of income required for the youth suicide prevention as well as that for the elderly suicide prevention. The simulation result also shows that the former rise is faster than the latter. I extend the model by introducing two types of unemployment benefits for suicide prevention. One is that the amount of benefits is prefixed. The other is that the amount of benefits is proportional to the individual level of income prior to the job loss. I compare these two types, concluding that the fixed amount of benefits is better than the amount proportional to income for suicide prevention.