Effect of ketone body to peripheral gd T cell function in dairy cows during the breeding periods

奶牛在泌乳早期发生疾病的风险增加。此时，牛奶产量增加，但采食量滞后，这种情况导致能量负平衡的奶牛产生酮体。虽然应尽量减少高酮血症，以防止对免疫功能和生殖的不良影响，但本研究中研究了酮体对T细胞功能的影响。在患有高酮血症的奶牛中观察到作为响应免疫系统入侵的促炎细胞因子家族的IL-17增加和作为响应妊娠的抗炎细胞因子的IL-4减少。在T细胞的比较中，奶牛体内gd T细胞表达IL-17 mRNA，而CD 4 + T细胞表达IL-4 mRNA，说明酮体可能通过激活gd T细胞和抑制CD 4 + T细胞而诱导不适宜的受孕免疫状态。

Dairy cows are at an increased risk for disorders during early lactation. At this time, there is increasing milk production, but a lag in feed intake, and this condition results in the production of the ketone body in the cows with negative energy balance. Although hyperketonemia should be minimized to prevent undesirable effects on immune function and reproduction, effect of ketone body to T cell function was investigated in this study. Increased IL-17 as a family functions as a proinflammatory cytokine that responds to the invasion of the immune system and decreased IL-4 as an anti-inflammatory cytokine that responds to the gestation were observed in the cows with hyperketonemina. In the comparison of T cell, gd T cell express strongly IL-17 mRNA and CD4+ T cell express strongly IL-4 mRNA in cows, therefore it was possible that ketone bodies induce an inappropriate immune condition for conception by activative effect to gd T cells and suppressive effect to CD4+ T cells.