On the conditions under which we should assume relative gains.

在对社会现象进行建模时，通常不经任何认真考虑就假定行为者只关心他们自己的绝对收益。然而，在现实世界中，我们观察到许多参与者确实关心自己和他人之间的收益差异。本研究的目的是通过计算机模拟找出考虑相对增益是可取的条件。测试结果表明，诸如“系统中参与者的数量”、“每个参与者与之互动的参与者的数量”和“反馈的性质（例如，过去的赢家在未来获得更有利的位置，反之亦然）”等条件的组合，极大地改变了假设相对收益的必要性。

In modeling social phenomena, it is often assumed, without any serious consideration, that actors are concerned only about their own absolute gains. However, in the real world, we observe many actors that do care about differentials of gains between themselves and the others. The purpose of this study is to find out, by using computer simulation, the conditions under which considering relative gains is desirable.The test result shows that the combination of conditions such as "the number of actors in the system", "the number of actors with which each actor interact", and "the nature of the feedback (e.g. past winner obtains more advantageous position in the future, or vice versa)" drastically changes the necessity of assuming relative gains.