Search for Tomonaga-Luttinger liquid in liquid 3He confined in one-dimensional pores

研究的目的是寻找具有硬核的准一维(1D)费米子系统的特征。为此，我们采用了3He系统，该系统被限制在一个纳米尺寸的一维通道中。我们在饱和蒸汽压下进行了核磁共振测量，观察到了低温下磁矩的减小。这是由于流道中3He液体的简并所致。我们的发现对探索3He准一维系统简并相的特征是有意义的。作为比较的对象，服从玻色统计的4He系统是重要的。因此，我们也促进了一维沟道中4He的研究。我们发现，超流体响应表现出很大的频率依赖性。此外，这种动态超流体响应与基于Tomonaga-Luttinger液体模型的理论预测是一致的。

The purpose of study is to search the feature of a quasi one-dimensional (1D) system of fermion with a hard core. For this purpose, we adopt the system of 3He which is confined into a nanometer-size 1D channel. We have performed NMR measurements under the saturation vapor pressure, and observed the reduction of magnetic moment at low temperatures. This is due to the degenerate of liquid 3He in the channel. Our findings are significant advance to search the feature of degenerate phase in quasi 1D system of 3He.As a target for comparison, a 4He system, which obeys bose statistics, is important. Thus, we have also promoted the study of 4He confined in 1D channel. We found that the superfluid response shows a large frequency dependence. Furthermore, this dynamic superfluid response is consistent with the theoretical prediction based on the Tomonaga-Luttinger liquid model.