Research and Development of Small Hydro-Turbine Achieving High Performance and Stable Operation

小水电发电是重要的替代能源之一，小水电潜力巨大。小型水轮机的效率低于大型水轮机，而这些小型水轮机的常见问题是由于外来物质而无法运行。其次，对小型水轮机的高性能和宽流道的要求也越来越高。因此，我们采用了对转转子，可以期望达到高性能，并且可以使用低固体度的大流道转子，以实现高性能和稳定运行。本文研制了机匣直径60mm的对转小型水轮机实验装置。然后，通过实验研究了该装置的性能和与外来植物材料的内部流动情况。在此基础上，结合实验和数值分析结果，提出了对转小型水轮机的设计准则。

Small hydropower generation is one of important alternative energy, and potential of small hydropower is great. Efficiency of small hydro turbines is lower than that of large one, and these small hydro turbine's common problems are out of operation by foreign materials. Then, there are demands for small hydro turbines to keep high performance and wide flow passage. Therefore, we adopted contra-rotating rotors, which can be expected to achieve high performance and enable to use low-solidity rotors with wide flow passage, in order to accomplish high performance and stable operation. In this research, experimental apparatus of the contra-rotating small hydro turbine with 60mm casing diameter was manufactured. Then, performance and internal flow condition with the foreign vegetable materials were investigated by an experiment. Further, a design guide line for the contra-rotating small hydro-turbine was considered by the experimental and numerical analysis results.