Sustainable Typo-morphology for Residential Areas: A Comparative Study between Tokyo and Madrid

通过比较马德里和东京的住宅区案例，我们探讨了几种住宅类型形态与公共空间活力之间的关系。在东京，我们研究了高层区域和密集的低层独立式住宅区域。在马德里，我们研究了中高层的外围街区郊区（意思是“城市延伸”）。作为结论，我们观察到，与邻近的公共空间相比，高层建筑似乎对城市活力没有贡献。低层区域创造了更清晰的活力感，但需要根据更高的人口密度进行重新考虑。马德里的中高层建筑增加了密度，但缺乏街道层面的建筑界面设计来支持活力。本研究包括了参与这些界面的设计样本，可以被认为是使街道上的公共生活自然出现的例子。

By comparing cases of residential areas in Madrid and Tokyo we address the relationship between several residential typo-morphologies and public space vitality. In Tokyo we examined cases of high-rise areas, and dense low-rise areas of detached houses. In Madrid we examined the medium-rise perimeter block suburban ensanches (meaning "city extensions"). As a conclusion we observed that the high-rise cases examined do not seem to contribute to urban liveliness compared to adjacent public spaces. Low-rise areas create a more clear sense of liveliness but they need to be reconsidered in the light of the need for higher population densities. The medium-rise scale found in Madrid increases density, but it lacks the architectural interface design at the street level to support liveliness. This research includes samples of designs that attend to these interfaces and can be considered as examples that enable the natural emergence of public life on the streets.