Himalayan Lake Study - Reconstruction of the Holocene climatic history and recent anthropogenic changes in the southwestern Himalayas (Panjab and Kumaun Lakes)

与海洋沉积相比，湖泊沉积受区域构造和气候作用的影响更大。然而，许多湖泊研究表明，区域气候振荡可能与全球气候过程有关。在这里，我们建议研究由亚洲季风环流决定气候的西南喜马拉雅地区的湖泊沉积物。在过去几年里，人们对北印度洋的海洋季风记录进行了广泛的研究。然而，来自非洲大陆的数据非常稀少。本研究的目的是：(i)基于Mansar湖沉积物岩心重建喜马拉雅西南部全新世气候历史，以及（ii）调查近200-300年来旁遮普和Kumaun喜马拉雅地区人类活动对湖泊化学和沉积的影响。我们在印度昌迪加尔的旁遮普大学的合作伙伴提供的样本包括从曼萨尔湖的一个长岩心中提取的亚样本，这些样本几乎跨越了整个全新世的记录。此外，还提供了6个不同程度人为污染的喜马拉雅湖泊（Renuka、Rewalsar、Nainital、Bhimtal、Naukuchiyatal和satal湖）的短沉积物岩心样品。对这些样品进行无机地球化学和生物地球化学调查，将提供碎屑物质来源、风化强度、初级生产力和有机质来源变化的信息。这些结果的结合将有助于重建西喜马拉雅山脉的气候历史，并将与来自北印度洋海洋记录、冰芯记录和其他湖泊研究结果的信息进行比较。

The sedimentation in lakes is much more affected by regional tectonic and climatic processes than the sedimentation in the oceans. However, many lake studies have shown that regional climatic oscillations can be related to global climatic processes. Here we propose to investigate lake sediments from the southwestern Himalayas the climate of which is determined by the Asian monsoon circulation. The marine monsoon record from the northern Indian Ocean has been extensively studied during the last few years. Data from the continent are, however, very scarce. The aims of this investigation are (i) a reconstruction of the Holocene climatic history in the southwestern Himalayas based on sediment cores from the Mansar Lake as well as (ii) the investigation of the impact of anthropogenic activity on lake chemistry and sedimentation during the last 200-300 years in the Panjab and Kumaun Himalaya. Samples provided by our partner at the Panjab University, Chandigarh, India, consist of subsamples from a long core from the Mansar Lake spanning almost the complete Holocene record. Furthermore, samples from six short sediment cores from Himalayan lakes with different levels of anthropogenic pollution have been supplied (Renuka, Rewalsar, Nainital, Bhimtal, Naukuchiyatal and Sattal Lakes). Inorganic geochemical as well as biogeochemical investigations on these samples will provide information on the changes in the sources of clastic material, the weathering intensity, primary productivity and the organic matter source. The combination of these results will add to a reconstruction of the climatic history of the western Himalayas and will be compared to the information from the marine record of the northern Indian Ocean, the ice core record, and results from other lake studies.