Effects of the dipole-dipole interaction on the properties of ultracold rotating dipolar gases

偶极气体的研究是目前原子物理中最具竞争性和交叉性的领域之一，是超冷气体物理学中最有前途的研究方向之一。非偶极气体的旋转性质是自玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚（2001年诺贝尔奖）的成就以来，在超冷气体物理学中最具吸引力的话题之一。本项目的目的是将这两个研究方向结合起来，分析超冷旋转偶极气体的性质。该项目将分为两个分区。一方面，我们将分析缓慢旋转的偶极气体（没有涡旋）的物理特性，特别是飞行时间膨胀和剪子模态。另一方面，我们将研究这些气体中的涡旋，特别是涡旋形成的临界旋转频率、涡旋核的形状、涡旋-涡旋和涡旋边界的相互作用、涡旋环和涡旋格的形成。

The research on dipolar gases constitutes one of the most promising future directions in the physics of ultracold gases, which is nowadays one of the most competive and interdisciplinary fields in atomic physics. The rotating properties of nondipolar gases are since the achievement of Bose-Einstein condensation (Nobel 2001) one of the most attractive topics in the physics of ultracold gases. The aim of this project is to combine these two research directions, analyzing the properties of ultracold rotating dipolar gases. The project will be split into two subareas. On one side, we shall analyze the physics of slowly rotating dipolar gases (no vortices), and in particular the time-of-flight expansion and the scissors modes. On the other side, we shall study the vortices in these gases, and in particular the critical rotation frequency for vortex formation, the shape of the vortex core, the vortex-vortex and vortexboundary interactions, vortex rings and the formation of vortex lattices.