The Atmospheric Response to Solar Variability: Simulations with a General Circulation and Chemistry Model for the Entire Atmosphere

该项目的目标是通过使用整个大气层的大气环流和化学模型，增进我们对地球大气层对太阳从热层到地表的可变输入的反应的了解。这将有助于更好地限制观测到的气候趋势的自然和人为原因。我们使用的数值模式是在MPI-M开发的HAMMONIA大气环流和化学模式。它是全世界为数不多的全面处理整个大气（最大250公里）的动力学、辐射和化学的模型之一。因此，它是研究太阳变化影响的一个非常合适的工具，太阳变化一般随高度增加，特别取决于大气中向上和向下的耦合过程。模拟了太阳变率对不同时间尺度的影响以及与这些时间尺度相关的大气耦合现象。在这个项目的前两个阶段中，我们分别研究了11年太阳黑子周期的影响及其与平流层和中间层准两年振荡的相互作用，27天太阳自转变化的影响，以及降水粒子事件的影响和离子在太阳变率响应中的作用。高级大气和地面观测系统第三阶段的主要问题将是：（a）过去大约50年期间不同大气高度区域的降水粒子和辐射变化的相对重要性;（B）海洋-大气相互作用在日地耦合中的作用。

The goal of this project is to improve our knowledge on the response of the Earth’s atmosphere to the variable input of the sun from the thermosphere to the surface by using a general circulation and chemistry model for the entire atmosphere. This will help to better constrain natural and anthropogenic causes of the observed climate trends. The numerical model we use is the HAMMONIA general circulation and chemistry model developed at MPI-M. It is one of very few models worldwide that treat dynamics, radiation and chemistry comprehensively for the entire atmosphere (up to 250 km). Therefore, it is a well suited tool for studying effects of solar variability which are in general increasing with altitude and which depend in particular on up- and downward coupling processes in the atmosphere. The simulations concern the influence of solar variability on different timescales and the coupling phenomena in the atmosphere related to these timescales. Within the first two phases of this project we have studied separately 1) the influence of the 11-year sun spot cycle and its interactions with the quasi-biennial oscillation in the stratosphere and mesosphere, 2) the influence of the 27-day solar rotational variation and 3) the influence of precipitating particle events and the role of ions in the response to solar variability. Main issues in the third phase of ARTOS will be a) the relative importance of precipitating particles and radiation variations in different atmospheric height regions during the last about 50 years, and b) the role of ocean-atmosphere interactions in solar-terrestrial coupling.