SPP 1019: bberkritische Fluide als Lösungs- und Reaktionsmittel

超临界流体是性质介于气体和液体之间的物质。通过改变压力，这些属性可以连续改变。然后，这种物质的行为更像气体(低压力和密度)或液体(高压力和高密度)。超临界流体对于分离(例如：脱咖啡因的绿咖啡豆或红茶、生产啤酒花提取物、浓缩维生素)或用于生产和配制材料(例如：生产细小颗粒和薄层)以及用于化学反应(例如：生产甲乙酮或氧化废化合物)具有重要的商业意义。超临界流体使环境友好的过程成为可能。除了已知的应用外，其他应用将在不久的将来推出。在研究方案中，对设计和施工的工程方法进行了研究和发展。为此，对超临界流体的物理化学行为、热质传递和化学反应动力学的基础知识进行了跨学科的研究，用于设备、装置和工艺的设计。

Supercritical fluids are substances with properties between that of a gas and a liquid. By varying pressure, these properties can be continuously changed. The substance then behaves more like a gas (low pressure and density) or as a liquid (high pressure and density). Supercritical fluids are of commercial importance for separation (examples are: decaffeination of green coffee beans or black tea-leaves, production of hop extracts, enrichment of vitamins) or for production and formulation of materials (examples are: production of fine particles and thin layers), and for chemical reactions (examples are: production of methyl-ethyl-ketone or the oxidation of waste compounds). Supercritical fluids make possible environmental friendly processes. In addition to the known applications others will be introduced in the near future. In the research program, engineering methods for design and construction are investigated and developed. For that, fundamental knowledge on physical-chemical behaviour of supercritical fluids, heat and mass transfer, and chemical reaction kinetics are intra-disciplinary investigated for the design of equipment, plants, and processes.