SFB 282: Theory of the Lexicon

282合作研究中心抛弃了一种假设，即一种语言的词汇不仅仅是分类单位的清单，而是一个非常复杂和分层结构的网络，它决定了语言形式创造的潜力。该合作研究中心利用音韵学、形态学、句法、语义学、语言类型学以及心理和神经语言学的现代方法，研究词汇单位的典型结构及其相互关系。词汇元素（词根、词干、词缀以及短语单位）连接了几种类型的语音、语法和语义概念信息。-哪些信息必须编码在词汇元素中，哪些信息是基于一般原则隐含的？我们研究了各种类型的结构，信息最经济地存储的方式，以及复杂单词和短语的形成方式，这些方式是由词汇驱动的，只受非常一般的原则约束。与词典结构特别相关的是派生和屈折的可能性。该合作研究中心正在发展基于词汇的语法的几个领域的理论，如动态事件语义、多维配价、词汇分解、基于约束的极简形态学和词汇音韵学。目前的主题包括多合成语言的词汇范畴(A)，动词和名词化动词在类型学和历时学方面的论点结构(B)，词形变化和衍生形态在音系、范式和心理/神经语言学方面(C)，以及词汇的语义结构(D)。

The collaborative research centre 282 departs from the assumption that the lexicon of a language is not merely an inventory of classified units but rather a very complex and hierarchically structured network that determines the potential for the creation of linguistic forms. The collaborative research centre investigates the typical structures of lexical units and their interrelations, using modern methods of phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics, linguistic typology and psycho- and neurolinguistics. The lexical elements (roots, stems, affixes, as well as phrasal units) connect several types of phonological, grammatical, and semantic-conceptual information. - What information is necessarily encoded in the lexical elements, and what information is implied on the basis of general principles? We investigate the various types of structures, the way in which the information is most economically stored, and the ways in which the formation of complex words and phrases is lexically driven, constrained only by very general principles. Particularly relevant for the architecture of the lexicon are the possibilities of derivation and inflexion. The collaborative research centre is developing theories in several areas of lexicon-based grammar, such as dynamic event semantics, multidimensional valency, lexical decomposition, constraint-based minimalist morphology, and lexical phonology. The present topics include the lexical categories of polysynthetic languages (A), the argument structure of verbs and nominalized verbs in both typological and diachronic perspective (B), inflectional and derivational morphology in their phonological, paradigmatic and psycho-/neurolinguistic aspects (C), and the semantic structuring of the lexicon (D).