Processes generating Diversity Patterns in Antarctic Shelf and Deep-Sea Shrimps (Crustacea: Decapoda: Caridea): Genetic and Morphometric Analyses combined with Enviromental Niche Models (ENMs)

虽然只有少数十足动物栖息在南极水域，但虾（十足目：虾科）是南极陆架和深海底栖动物的重要组成部分。本研究将首次采用基于a)线粒体和核DNA序列、b)微卫星、c)形态学/形态测量学研究和d)环境生态位模型（ENMs）的综合方法，对浅水虾Chorismus antarcticus和深海虾Nematocarcinus lanceopes的系统地理、种群结构、遗传/形态变异和分布进行详细比较。这些结果将有助于我们结合海洋学数据和环境梯度，详细了解目前未知的南极陆架和深海分类群中产生多样性的过程和辐射过程。在此背景下，我们将对极地生态系统中物种的遗传结构有新的认识，该生态系统在过去受到南极冰川事件的影响，并可能在不久的将来受到全球气候变化的影响。环境生态位模型的使用使我们能够将物种当前实现的环境生态位投射到古气候和未来的气候变化情景中。

Although only a few decapod species inhabit the waters of Antarctica, shrimps (Decapoda: Caridea) represent an important and abundant element of the Antarctic shelf and deep-sea benthos. In this study, a combined approach based on a) mitochondrial and nuclear DNA sequences, b) microsatellites c) morphology/morphometric studies and d) Environmental Niche Models (ENMs) will be used to compare phylogeography, population structure, genetic/morphological variability and distribution of the shallow-water shrimp Chorismus antarcticus and the deep-sea shrimp Nematocarcinus lanceopes in detail for the first time. The results will help us, in combination with oceanographic data and environmental gradients, to understand currently unknown processes generating diversity and radiation processes within Antarctic shelf and deep-sea taxa with pelagic larval stages in detail. In this context, we will receive a new understanding of the genetic structure of species in a polar ecosystem that was subjected to glaciation events of Antarctica in the past and is likely to be impacted by global climatic change in the near future. The use of Environmental Niche Models allows us to project the species’ current realized environmental niches onto palaeoclimatic and future climate change scenarios.