The legacy of Southern Ocean past: evolutionary history and genetic diversity of benthic Crustacea on the Antarctic shelf

正在进行的项目正在研究南极底栖生物和底栖生物的进化史，以确定在历史上塑造它的过程。作为模型系统，我们使用来自南极大陆架(南极东部和西部)的海洋甲壳类动物，它们的生活史从孵化到全浮游形式不等。该项目包括系统发生学、系统地理学和种群遗传学方法，以研究属和物种的辐射，重建它们在南极大陆架上的殖民路径，确定大陆架上的生物地理边界，并评估人口扩张和瓶颈等历史事件的特征。在项目的最后三分之一，我们将具体测试遗传变异的分布是否与基于主要海洋流的预期一致，以及是否可以在物种之间确定同时存在的遗传不连续，然后可以将其解释为共同环境历史事件(例如冰川)的结果。我们的分析中包含的分类群是从最广泛的意义上进行研究的，尽可能与来自南极以外的代表进行补充，以了解南极大陆架的系统发育关系和殖民模式和年龄(S)。该项目还通过提供大量南极甲壳类动物的线粒体序列，为正在进行的南极海洋动物条形码工作作出积极贡献。随着对S今天南极甲壳类种内和种间遗传多样性的评估，我们的研究项目为监测物种组成和研究对南极气候快速变化的响应提供了重要的基线信息。

The ongoing project is studying the evolutionary history of the Antarctic benthos and suprabenthos to determine the processes that shaped it historically. As model systems we use marine crustaceans from the Antarctic Shelf (East and West Antarctica) with different life histories ranging from brooding to holoplanktonic forms. The project comprises phylogenetic, phylogeographic and population genetic methods to study radiations of genera and species, reconstruct their colonization pathways on the Antarctic Shelf, determine biogeographic boundaries on the shelf, and assess signatures of historic events such as population expansions and bottlenecks. In the last third of the project we will specifically test whether distribution of genetic variation is congruent with expectations based on major oceanographic currents and whether concurrent genetic discontinuities can be identified among species, which can then be interpreted as the result of events in their common environmental history (e.g. glaciations). The taxa included in our analyses are studied in the broadest sense, complementing them as much as possible with representatives from outside Antarctica to understand phylogenetic relationships and mode and age of colonization(s) of the Antarctic Shelf. The project also makes an active contribution to ongoing barcoding efforts of Antarctic marine fauna by providing mitochondrial sequences of a large number of Antarctic Crustacea. With the assessment of both, today s intra- and interspecific genetic diversity of Antarctic crustaceans, our research project provides important baseline information for monitoring species composition and studying response to rapid Antarctic climate change.