Sakurai: A Quantum Error Mitigation Platform-as-a-Service for Privacy-Preserving Genomics Data Analysis

量子计算利用叠加和纠缠等量子力学特性的力量，来解决经典计算无法解决的问题。著名的摩尔定律提出，计算能力大约每两年翻一番，而由于晶体管芯片进一步小型化所涉及的物理限制，我们的经典计算机能够变得更强大的能力是有限的。此外，并行化提供的计算加速受到著名的Amdahl定律的限制。该项目旨在为基因组数据集构建一个隐私保护平台，利用量子计算的奇异特性，如叠加和纠缠，使加密数据集的数据分析速度快于目前使用经典计算所能实现的速度。我们对该平台的愿景是成为一个无处不在的量子编排环境，用于开发和部署针对敏感数据(如基因组数据集)的隐私保护量子算法。该项目还将专注于与个人组织、区域医疗数据共享生态系统和全球医疗经济建立早期商业试点。根据英国国民健康保险制度的“五年展望”和国家信息委员会的“2020年个性化健康和护理”，数据捕获、挖掘、分析和共享的优先事项被正确地视为改变患者和公民健康结果的关键。此外，根据联合利华研究公司最近的一份报告，健康数据的潜在价值是巨大的，该报告估计，一个人的健康信息比他们的财务数据价值高50倍。因此，网络犯罪分子非常重视健康数据，因为它允许他们根据个人历史创建非常令人信服的虚假身份。同样，公众对他们的个人健康信息被企业滥用也非常敏感，他们认为这可能会使他们面临歧视性做法。由于所有这些见解，该项目代表着应对这一全球挑战的尝试，这将为英国创造极好的出口机会。IBM Security最近委托发布的一份报告研究了13个国家或地区的419家样本组织的年度数据泄露成本。报告发现，每个组织的平均总成本达到惊人的270万GB，这是基于每个丢失或被盗记录的平均106 GB。使用我们的同态加密解决方案严格保护其记录的组织可以消除这些成本以及相关的法律、监管和声誉风险。

Quantum computing harnesses the power of quantum mechanical properties such as superposition and entanglement, to solve problems that are beyond the reach of classical computing. There is a limit to how much more powerful our classical computers can become as suggested by that the famous Moore's Law, which posits that computing power doubles roughly every two years, and due to physical constraints involved in the further miniaturisation of transistor chips this is nearing its limit. Moreover, the speedup in computing offered by parallelization is limited by the famous Amdahl's law.This project aims to build a privacy-preserving platform for genomics datasets that harnesses the exotic properties of quantum computing such as superposition and entanglement to enable data analysis of encrypted datasets faster than what is currently possible with classical computing. Our vision for the platform is to become a ubiquitous quantum orchestration environment for developing and deploying privacy-preserving quantum algorithms for sensitive data e.g. genomics datasets. This project will also focus on establishing an early commercial pilot with; individual organisations, regional healthcare data sharing ecosystems and global healthcare economies.As per the NHS England "Five Year Forward View" and the National Information Board's "Personalised Health and Care 2020", the priorities of; data capture, mining, analysis and sharing are rightly seen as essential keys to transforming health outcomes for patients and citizens. Plus, with the potential value of health data being huge according to a recent Unilever Research report that estimates that a person's health information is 50x more valuable than their financial data. As such, cyber criminals prize health data very highly as it allows them to create very convincing false identities based on personal histories. Likewise, the public is also acutely sensitive to their personal health information being misused by businesses, which they believe could expose them to discriminatory practices.As a result of all these insights, this project represents attempts to address this global challenge which will create fantastic export opportunities for the UK. A recent report, commissioned by IBM Security, looked at the annual cost of data breaches at 419 sample organisations in 13 nations or regions. The report found that the average total cost per organisation was a staggering £2.7 million, based on an average £106 per lost or stolen record. An organisation that rigorously protects its records with our Homomorphic Encryption solution could remove these costs and associated legal, regulatory and reputational risks.