Electrifying the Broads

大湖区由60个开放水域组成，由7条河流连接，面积超过303平方公里。作为全国重要的旅游目的地，2019年接待了818万游客，为当地经济贡献了6.65亿英镑。支撑当地经济的是内河游船假期对游客的主要吸引力。在第六次碳预算中纳入海洋碳排放的情况下，如果不支持到2050年实现净零排放，英国经济将受到威胁。为了保护自然环境，布罗兹管理局作为航运管理局，也制定了到2030年将二氧化碳排放量从2018年的水平减少约80%的目标。到目前为止，电动机只在大量小型舷外船、日间船和帆船上使用。巡洋舰舰队几乎完全是由化石燃料驱动的，对于那些要离开基地数周的船只来说，目前还没有现成的市场解决方案。仅在湖区，这些船只每年就会释放约2万至5万吨二氧化碳当量，此外还有有毒燃料泄漏的风险。电气化日租船的进展正在进行中，现在需要将注意力转向不依赖于每天“回到基地”充电模式的大型船只。在Strand 1，专注于这个理想的可行性研究地点，electrification the Broads （ETB）将研究污染最严重的巡航船的脱碳推进方法，包括充电基础设施的需求。这将导致在下一个项目阶段展示解决方案，展示如何将研究结果扩展到其他内陆水道环境。这项可行性研究将：*确定推进系统电气化污染最严重的船舶用例，并量化减排。*制定成本计划，说明如何在操作环境中演示这一点，包括充电基础设施的路线图。*详细说明对现行法规的遵守情况和任何监管障碍以及调查结果的建议。*通过确定当地海上电气化基础设施可以创新的地方来增加价值，例如通过提供公路车辆充电或电动自行车。*探索用例的创新应用，包括任何相关的充电船，在不需要推进时与当地电网进行交互，从而有利于电网稳定性并增加额外的收入来源。*加强与商业和公共机构合作有关的专业知识，以应对影响海洋脱碳、经济和环境结果的整个系统挑战。

The Broads is composed of 60 open water areas connected by a network of seven rivers, over 303sq.km. As a nationally significant tourist destination, it welcomed 8.18million visitors in 2019, contributing £665 million pa to the local economy.Underpinning the local economy is the central attraction of inland waterway boating holidays for tourists visiting the area. This economy would be threatened without support to reach net zero by 2050 under the inclusion of marine carbon emissions within the 6th Carbon Budget. To protect the natural environment, the Broads Authority, as the Navigation Authority, has also set an aspiration of reducing CO2 emissions by approximately 80% by 2030, from 2018 levels.To date, electric motors have only been deployed in significant numbers of small outboard vessels, day boats, and sailing yachts. The cruiser fleet is almost entirely fossil fuel powered, and there is not a market-ready solution for vessels that spend weeks away from their base. On the Broads alone, these vessels release an estimated 20,000 to 50,000 tonnes of CO2e emissions each year, with the added risk of environmentally toxic fuel spills. Progress towards electrifying day-hire launches is ongoing, and attention now needs to turn to larger vessels which do not rely on a daily 'back-to-base' recharging model.In Strand 1, focussing on this ideal location for a feasibility study, Electrifying the Broads (ETB) will investigate ways to decarbonise propulsion of the worst polluting cruising vessels, including the need for recharging infrastructure. This would lead to demonstration of solutions in the next project phase showing how findings could be scaled to other inland waterways contexts.This feasibility study will:* Identify the most polluting vessel use case for electrification of the propulsion system and quantify emissions savings.* Develop a costed plan for how this may be demonstrated in an operational setting, including a route-map for recharging infrastructure.* Detail compliances with existing regulations and any regulatory barriers and recommendations from the findings.* Add value by identifying where local marine electrification infrastructure could innovate, such as through offering road vehicle charging or to electric bikes.* Explore innovative applications for the use case, including any associated charging vessels, to interact with local electricity networks when not required for propulsion, to benefit grid stability and add an additional revenue stream.* Enhance know-how relating to commercial and public organisation collaboration in a whole-systems challenge affecting marine decarbonisation, economic and environmental outcomes.