Intergenerational health impacts of interpersonal and community-based violence: From childbirth to childbearing

项目摘要 该提案概述了一个为期3年的博士后培训奖学金，旨在为受训者做好准备， 在一所主要的研究型大学担任独立研究员。研究和培训计划是基于 申请人是否有兴趣研究健康的社会决定因素，以及暴力和社会压力是如何影响健康的。 其结构和体现方式可能会使卫生不平等现象在几代人之间永久化。她之前的职业生涯 研究生院涉及应用混合方法研究和少数民族人口的公共政策宣传 在东南亚经历了被剥夺公民权和侵犯人权的事件。在她的研究生培训期间 她接受了流行病学、人口统计学和社会研究方法的高级培训， 人口健康差距的结构性原因。在她的论文中，她设计并完成了自己的 在泰缅边境对难民、移民和当地居民进行调查，以便更好地评估 孕产妇和儿童健康如何受到与武装冲突、种族主义、军事和 警察监视和其他形式的暴力。她招募了800多对母子，其中520对 完成每个调查部分：深入母亲访谈、人体测量和头发样本收集。 她建议的博士后研究和培训使用她已经收集的数据，沿着 来自东南亚和美国的补充数据集，使她能够更仔细地研究暴力如何 可通过社会风险链和相关的生物机制影响孕产妇和儿童健康。她 将模拟由暴力引发并可能导致不良分娩结果的孕产妇风险链， 从分娩到生育，如在冲突中收集的生活事件史所示， 泰国-缅甸边境受流离失所影响的人口（目标1）， 在美国代表性队列中，在家庭形成高峰期进行前瞻性研究（目标2）。她会更专注于 密切关注产妇的生物压力作为调解人的过去的暴力和不利的出生结果， 儿童和青少年暴力如何塑造压力和慢性炎症的成人生物标志物 根据来自菲律宾的群组数据，在怀孕前和怀孕期间对母亲进行了调查（目标3）。 拟议的培训计划涉及研究人类压力的生物和心理模型， 健康生理学，沿着在生物测定和压力生物标志物数据分析方面的实践培训，以便 完成拟议的目标，并为独立的研究生涯做好准备。具体培训目标 包括：（1）加深对压力生理学和生物社会途径的理解;（2） 具有基于现场的纵向调查数据收集和分析的专业知识;（3）了解基于现场的应力数据 生物标本采集及相关实验室技术和分析;（4）建立发表记录， 为教职做准备，并为未来的研究提供赠款。

Project Summary This proposal outlines a 3-year post-doctoral training fellowship, designed to prepare the trainee for a career as an independent researcher at a major research university. The research and training plan are based on the applicant's interest in studying social determinants of health and how violence and social stress are structured and embodied in ways that can perpetuate health inequities across generations. Her career before graduate school involved applied mixed method research and public policy advocacy for minority populations experiencing disenfranchisement and human rights violations in Southeast Asia. During her graduate training she gained advanced training in epidemiologic, demographic, and social research methods in order to study structural causes of population health disparities. For her dissertation, she designed and completed her own survey at the Thai-Myanmar border among refugees, migrants, and local residents in order to better evaluate how maternal and child health is shaped by maternal life histories related to armed conflict, racism, military and police surveillance, and other forms of violence. She recruited over 800 mother-child pairs, 520 of which completed each survey component: in depth mother interviews, anthropometry, and hair sample collections. The post-doctoral research and training that she proposes uses data she has already collected, along with complementary datasets from Southeast Asia and the US, that allow her to examine more closely how violence can influence maternal and child health, through social chains of risk and related biological mechanisms. She will model maternal chains of risk triggered by violence and potentially leading to adverse birth outcomes, from childbirth to childbearing, as they are indicated in life event histories collected among conflict- and displacement-affected populations at the Thai-Myanmar border (Aim 1) and as they have been measured prospectively in a US-representative cohort at the peak of family formation (Aim 2). She will focus in more closely on maternal biological stress as a mediator of past violence and adverse birth outcomes by examining how childhood and adolescent violence shape adult biological markers of stress and chronic inflammation among mothers before and during pregnancy based on cohort data from the Philippines (Aim 3). The proposed training plan involves the study of human biological and psychological models of stress and health physiology, along with practical training in the bioassays and analysis of stress biomarker data, in order to complete the proposed aims and prepare for an independent research career. Specific training goals include: (1) Deepen understanding of stress physiology and biosocial pathways of embodiment; (2) Broaden expertise with field-based longitudinal survey data collection and analysis; (3) Learn field-based stress data and biospecimen collection and related lab techniques and analyses; and (4) Establish publication record, prepare for faculty position, and write grants for future research.