CRM-GEOTHERMAL: RAW MATERIALS FROM GEOTHERMAL FLUIDS: OCCURRENCE, ENRICHMENT, EXPLOITATION

地热流体通常携带欧盟认为是“关键”原材料(CRM)的大量元素。初步计算表明，即使是一口油井也有可能生产出欧盟需求的个位数百分比。热能和矿物的联合开采可最大化投资回报，最大限度地减少对环境的影响，不需要额外的土地使用，不会留下采矿遗产，碳足迹接近于零，并使国内供应客户关系管理成为可能。为了评估总体供应潜力，CRM-地热将通过收集新的数据并对欧洲和东非的井进行采样，扩大现有的地热流体地图集。将对不同地质环境下联合开采的潜力进行评估。提取/分离技术已经存在，但需要适应这种系统的恶劣条件(高温、压力和盐度)。材料和流动方案的组合将在实验室规模进行评估，以针对不同的地热环境和CRM优化系统。将在现有的地热地点开发和部署一个模块化的移动工厂，以进行试点研究，调查扩大规模和系统集成。在技术发展的同时，将对环境和社会影响进行评估，以确保善政。将制定符合联合国粮食及农业委员会/联合国防治荒漠化公约的报告模板，以建立投资者、监管者和公众之间的信任。该项目将推进利益攸关方参与的关键参考点，以获得并保持“运营的社会许可证”。联合开采为中小企业和大型公司创造了新的商机，并将研究其在未来可能的市场发展下的经济状况，以期提出适当的商业模式。CRM-地热将打开一个潜在的巨大未开发资源，并部署解决方案，以帮助欧洲实现欧盟绿色协议和可持续发展议程的战略目标。

Geothermal fluids often carry high amounts of elements that the EU considers as 'critical' raw materials (CRM). Preliminary calculations show that even a single well has the potential to produce single-digit percentages of the EU needs. Combined extraction of heat and minerals maximises returns on investment, minimises environmental impact, requires no additional land use, leaves no mining legacies, has near-zero carbon footprint, and enables domestic supplies of CRM. To assess overall supply potential, CRM-geothermal will enlarge an existing geothermal fluid atlas by collecting new data and sampling wells for their CRM content in Europe and East Africa. The potential of different geological settings for combined extraction will be evaluated. Extraction/separation techniques exist, but need to be adapted to the harsh conditions of such systems (high temperature, pressure and salinities). Combinations of materials and flow-schemes will be assessed at lab-scale to optimise systems for different geothermal settings and CRM. A modular, mobile plant will be developed and deployed at existing geothermal sites to conduct pilot studies, investigating upscaling and system integration. The technological developments will be accompanied by assessments of environmental and social impacts to ensure good governance. An UNFC/UNRMS compliant reporting template will be developed to create trust among investors, regulators and the public. The project will advance key reference points for stakeholder engagement, in order to obtain and maintain a 'social license to operate'. Combined extraction creates new business opportunities for both SMEs and larger companies, and its economics under likely future market developments will be investigated with a view to proposing suitable business models. CRM-geothermal will open up a potentially huge untapped resource and deploy solutions to help Europe fulfil the strategic objectives of the EU Green Deal and the Agenda for Sustainable Development.