Interplay between tumor and microenvironment in bone metastasis

前列腺癌是最常见的癌症，也是第二大致癌原因。 50岁以上男性死亡。在CAP进展的患者中，骨骼是主要的转移部位 超越器官限制。转移性CAP缺乏根治疗法强调了迫切需要 开发靶向靶向给药和新疗法的创新技术 有效且毒性最小的策略。我们的调查小组试图解决不同方面的问题 通过高度集成和专注的研究工作来封堵骨转移，这将增强我们的 理解CAP进展的机制并改进治疗策略以消除 减少骨转移，防止复发。我们使用减法杂交筛选的早期工作确定了两个 黑色素瘤分化相关基因-9(mda-9)和mda-7/IL-24 分化人类黑色素瘤细胞。后来的研究证实，丙二醛-9是癌症的关键促进剂 侵袭和转移，而MDA-7/IL-24被认为是广谱的抗癌治疗。 利用新开发的帽状骨转移的同基因临床前模型，我们将研究两者之间的相互作用。 丙二醛-9调控的CAP骨转移灶与骨龛之间的关系及评价其治疗活性 一流的小分子MDA-9抑制剂(即PDZ1i)，用于靶向转移的帽子细胞和骨 利基市场。通过利用T细胞的精巧能力和高效来定位和摧毁播散性癌症 细胞，特别是那些在正常情况下无法接触到的部位，即骨骼，我们将设计帽子反应性T细胞来产生 MDA-7/IL-24，一种独特的癌症选择性凋亡诱导细胞因子，用于提高潜在攻击能力 抗原性异质性骨转移。最后，基于PDZ1i重新编程免疫小生境的能力 在肿瘤微环境中，我们将结合产生下一代MDA-7/IL-24的工程T细胞 (“Superkine MDA-7/IL-24”，“S7M”)，具有增强的分泌和稳定性，与MDA-9靶向治疗 协同消除帽状骨病变。我们预计，从这些研究中获得的见解将 使更精确的分子理解骨转移的发展，以发现目标，Rational 改进的细胞免疫疗法的设计，以及优化的组合治疗方式，以实现 最大的治疗潜力。成功完成这一多学科、协同的研究计划将 提供一条快速途径，将这些技术和策略转化为诊所，以便安全有效地进行管理 这是CAP最常见的骨骼并发症。

Prostate cancer (CaP) is the most commonly diagnosed cancer and the second leading cause of cancer death in men over the age of fifty. Bone is the primary site of metastasis in patients whose CaP progresses beyond organ confinement. The absence of curative therapies for metastatic CaP emphasizes the imperative to develop innovative technologies for target-specific delivery of therapeutic agents as well as novel treatment strategies that are efficacious with minimal toxicity. Our investigative team seeks to address different aspects of CaP bone metastasis through a highly integrated and focused research effort that will enhance our comprehension of the mechanisms underlying CaP progression and improve therapeutic strategies to eradicate bone metastases and prevent relapse. Our early work using a subtraction hybridization screen identified two unique genes, i.e., melanoma differentiation associated gene-9 (mda-9) and mda-7/IL-24 from terminally differentiating human melanoma cells. Subsequent research established MDA-9 as a key promoter of cancer invasion and metastasis, whereas MDA-7/IL-24 was recognized as a broad-spectrum anti-cancer therapeutic. Using a newly developed syngeneic pre-clinical model of CaP bone metastasis, we will investigate the interplay between CaP bone metastases and the bone niche orchestrated by MDA-9 and evaluate therapeutic activity of ‘first-in-class’ small molecule inhibitor of MDA-9 (i.e., PDZ1i) for targeting both metastatic CaP cells and the bone niche. By exploiting the exquisite ability and high efficiency of T cells to locate and destroy disseminated cancer cells, especially those in normally inaccessible sites, i.e., bone, we will engineer CaP-reactive T cells to produce MDA-7/IL-24, a unique cancer-selective apoptosis-inducing cytokine, for improved capacity to attack potentially antigenically heterogenous bone metastases. Last, based on the ability of PDZ1i to reprogram the immune niche in the tumor microenvironment, we will combine engineered T cells producing next-generation MDA-7/IL-24 (“Superkine MDA-7/IL-24“, “S7M”), having enhanced secretion and stability, with MDA-9-targeted therapy for synergistic elimination of CaP bone lesions. We anticipate that the insights garnered from these studies will enable a more precise molecular understanding of bone metastasis development for target discovery, rational design of improved cellular immunotherapy, and combinatorial treatment modalities optimized to achieve a maximum therapeutic potential. Successful completion of this multidisciplinary, synergistic research program will provide a rapid path to translate these technologies and strategies into the clinic to safely and effectively manage this most common skeletal complication of CaP.