Hydrogen Storage and TRansport using Ammonia - HYSTRAM

氢气是欧盟寻求大幅减少温室气体排放和限制化石燃料使用的重要因素。然而，氢的储存和运输面临着重要的挑战，这阻碍了其作为替代和零排放燃料的广泛应用。氢气作为气体储存通常需要高压罐（罐压高达700 bar）;氢气作为液体储存需要低温，因为氢气在一个大气压下的沸点为-253 ℃。因此，对于一些应用，如果氨可以有效地产生，则氨上升为相当突出的载体。生产传统上受到热力学的约束，这需要高的合成压力以及温度。因此，NH3集中/大规模生产。HySTrAm基于开发物理H2存储材料，实现短期存储（缓冲可再生能源动力学），以及柔性低压NH3的3个结构基石：减少Ru含量的催化剂，高温NH3吸附剂和感应加热支持授予（最佳）响应性。该项目将展示一个紧凑的集装箱式氨合成系统，该系统基于两个主要的连续阶段：1）一个短期储存氢气的容器，将作为储存和运输电解产生的氢气的缓冲区。在氢气容器内，将通过机器学习技术识别和优化新的超多孔材料2）基于改进的Haber-Bosch工艺的氨合成反应器，其中储存的氢气将与氮气反应，使用HySTrAm开发的新型催化剂和吸附剂形成氨。

Hydrogen is an important factor in the EU quest to drastically reduce GHG emissions and curb its use of fossil fuels. The storage and transport of hydrogen, however, faces important challenges which hinder its broad application as an alternative and zero emission fuel. Storage of hydrogen as a gas typically requires high-pressure tanks (up to 700 bar tank pressure); storage of hydrogen as a liquid requires cryogenic temperatures because the boiling point of hydrogen at one atmosphere pressure is -253C. Therefore, for several applications, ammonia rises as a rather prominent vector if it can be produced efficiently. The production is traditionally bound by the constraints of thermodynamics, which require high synthesis pressures, as well as temperatures. Thus, NH3 is produced centralised/large-scaled. HySTrAm builds on developing physical H2 storage materials, enabling short term storage (buffering renewables dynamics), as well as the 3 structural corner stones of flexible low pressure NH3: decreased Ru content catalysts, high temperature NH3 sorbents and induction-heated support granting (optimal) responsiveness. The project will demonstrate a compact containerised ammonia synthesis system which is based on two main consecutive stages:1) A short-term storage hydrogen vessel which will serve as a buffer to store and transport the hydrogen produced by electrolysis. Within the hydrogen vessel, new ultraporous material will be identified and optimised through machine learning technology 2) An ammonia synthesis reactor based on an improved the Haber-Bosch process where the stored hydrogen will react with nitrogen to form ammonia using the novel catalysts and sorbents developed in HySTrAm.