Integrating GPS, GIS, and Ecological Momentary Assessment to Determine the Effect of Home and Neighborhood Context on Adolescent Sleep

项目摘要/摘要 睡眠不足会使青少年患肥胖症的风险加倍，并增加患心血管疾病的风险 (心血管疾病)成年期。超过75%的美国高中生没有达到国家推荐的睡眠标准。vt.给出 这些令人担忧的趋势，更好地理解青少年睡眠的环境决定因素是 确定促进健康睡眠的干预措施和公共卫生战略的目标。而当 越来越多的研究表明，家庭和邻里环境会影响睡眠，这是关键的方法问题 限制对青少年睡眠的环境决定因素的理解。关于网络安全的影响研究 影响睡眠的邻里因素(如犯罪、混乱)通常集中在周围区域 青少年之家。这种方法没有考虑流动性和风险敞口的累积。 日常活动中的多重背景(如家庭、学校、途中)，导致接触错误分类。 家庭睡眠环境(例如，光、噪音)也可能因夜而异，但通常以单一的 时间点。移动健康方法，包括智能手机GPS跟踪和生态瞬时评估 (EMA)提供了一个创新的机会来克服过去研究的局限性，通过发展人- 以环境暴露为中心的测量，说明了空间和时间上的变化。有了这个 职业发展奖，我将发展环境暴露评估和健康方面的关键技能 进行一项新的独立研究计划以确定可修改的行为科学是必要的 睡眠和其他心血管疾病相关结局的环境决定因素及其影响机制 先进、尖端的方法。在拟议的研究研究中，我将招募160名不同的队列 15-18岁的青少年通过一个大型的城市儿科初级保健研究网络。我会用智能手机 GPS跟踪、EMA、地理信息系统(GIS)和活动记录，以收集高分辨率 关于青少年在过去一年中暴露于家庭和邻里环境以及睡眠结果的纵向数据 14天。研究的目的包括1)量化青少年在日常活动中接触到的 假设影响睡眠的邻里因素，2)决定青少年睡眠的程度 暴露在不利的睡眠环境中会因夜间和住房条件的不同而不同，以及3)决定 家庭和邻里暴露的日常测量与青少年睡眠的关联程度 结果。在儿童医院的专家、跨学科指导小组的指导下 在费城和宾夕法尼亚大学，我将接受1)时空数据收集和 分析，2)生态瞬时评估，3)睡眠研究。完成K01研究及 培训计划将为我成功竞争R01级研究资金做好准备，并将独一无二地 我作为一名独立的调查员，在时空上进行大规模的流行病学调查， 儿童和青少年健康行为的环境决定因素与心血管健康有关。

Project Summary/Abstract Insufficient sleep doubles the risk of obesity among youth and increases the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in adulthood. Over 75% of US high school students do not meet national sleep recommendations. Given these alarming trends, a better understanding of the environmental determinants of sleep in adolescents is needed in order to identify targets for interventions and public health strategies to promote healthy sleep. While research increasingly suggests that home and neighborhood context impact sleep, key methodological issues limit understanding of the environmental determinants of adolescent sleep. Research on the influence of neighborhood-level factors (e.g. crime, disorder) on sleep typically focuses on the area surrounding adolescents' homes. This approach does not account for mobility and the accumulation of exposures across multiple contexts (e.g. home, school, in transit) during daily activities, leading to exposure misclassification. The home sleep environment (e.g. light, noise) may also vary by night, but is typically assessed at a single timepoint. Mobile health methods including smartphone GPS tracking and ecological momentary assessment (EMA) offer an innovative opportunity to overcome the limitations of past studies by developing person- centered measures of environmental exposures that account for variation over space and time. With this career development award, I will develop critical skills in environmental exposure assessment and health behavior science necessary to pursue a novel independent research program that identifies modifiable environmental determinants of sleep and other CVD-related outcomes and their mechanisms of effect using advanced, cutting-edge methods. In the proposed research study, I will enroll a diverse cohort of 160 adolescents aged 15-18 through a large urban pediatric primary care research network. I will use smartphone GPS tracking, EMA, geographic information systems (GIS), and actigraphy to collect high-resolution longitudinal data on adolescents' exposures to the home and neighborhood context and sleep outcomes over a 14-day period. The research aims include 1) quantifying adolescents' exposure during daily activities to neighborhood factors hypothesized to influence sleep, 2) determining the extent to which adolescents' exposure to adverse sleep environments varies across nights and by housing conditions, and 3) determining the extent to which daily measures of home and neighborhood exposures are associated with adolescent sleep outcomes. With guidance from an expert, interdisciplinary mentorship team at the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and the University of Pennsylvania, I will obtain training in 1) space-time data collection and analysis, 2) ecological momentary assessment, and 3) sleep research. Completion of the K01 research and training plan will prepare me to compete successfully for R01-level research funding and will uniquely position me as an independent investigator who conducts large-scale epidemiologic investigations on spatiotemporal, environmental determinants of child and adolescent health behaviors related to cardiovascular health.