Rice-straw powered biowaste to energy

该财团由卡诺有限公司成立，旨在为印度尼西亚龙目岛的一个农村社区开发世界上第一个有利可图的稻草生物能源示范器。稻草在收获期间被从谷物中分离出来，由于收获方面的挑战，要么燃烧(产生二氧化碳)，要么任其分解(产生全球变暖潜力为25\*的甲烷)，特别是在洪水泛滥的稻田(这是一种常见的情况)。稻草创新公司创造了创新技术，克服了在任何天气条件下收获稻草的障碍，释放了亚洲每年生产的潜在30万吨稻草。稻草灰分含量高(约20%)，含有约75%的二氧化硅。这与秸秆中的其他成分(氯、钾)结合在一起，在燃烧时会导致锅炉熔化和结渣/结垢。因此，它不是一种容易切碎或燃烧的燃料。PyroGenesys已经开发出一种较低温度的热解工艺，可以将稻草转化为生物炭，生物炭是一种可供稻农使用的固碳肥料，还可以转化为生物燃料。被封存的碳可以在碳去除市场上交易。不用于发电的多余生物燃料可以出售。电力是一种低价值的商品，可再生电力项目通常需要非常大的规模才能盈利并吸引投资者所需的资金。通过开辟两个非常高价值的收入来源，PyroGenesys的过程解决了这个问题。卡诺正在开发陶瓷发动机发电机组，其效率是最先进的柴油发电机组的两倍，能够在所有燃料上运行。这些设施将为大米厂提供电力作为基本负荷，并为农村社区提供电力。整合卡诺的发电机组使生物燃料销售产生的收入最大化。印尼：*是世界第五大温室气体排放国。*是全球最大的生物燃料生产国。*已授权将其棕榈油的很大一部分转化为FAME生物柴油。由于化石燃料的沉没成本/补贴以及尚未证实有利可图的离网低碳能源商业模式，印尼不愿转向可再生能源。该示范项目旨在成为打破僵局的催化剂，并释放对印尼巨大的可再生能源潜力的投资。主要项目产出：*商业模式可行性的中试示范*20万公斤稻草原料；*76,000公斤增值生物炭/53,200公斤碳封存/80,000公斤生物燃料；*向大米厂提供2.28兆瓦时的电力。

This consortium, let by Carnot Ltd, seeks to develop the world's first profitable rice-straw bioenergy demonstrator for a rural community in Lombok Island, Indonesia. Rice straw is separated from the grains during harvesting and either combusted (producing CO2) or left to decompose (producing methane with 25\* Global Warming Potential) due to challenges with harvesting it, particularly in flooded paddy fields (a common occurrence). Straw Innovations has created innovative technology that overcomes the barriers to harvesting it in all weathers, unlocking a potential 300Mt of rice straw generated in Asia every year.Rice straw has high ash content (around 20%), comprising about 75% silica. This, combined with other components in the straw (chlorine, potassium) causes melting and slagging / fouling in boilers when combusted. Hence, it is not an easy fuel to chop or combust. PyroGenesys have developed a lower-temperature pyrolysis process which can convert rice straw into Biochar, a carbon-sequestering fertiliser that can be used by the rice farmers, and biofuel. The carbon sequestered can be traded on carbon removal markets. Surplus biofuel not used to generate electricity can be sold. Electricity is a low-value commodity and renewable electricity projects will typically require very large scale to be profitable and attract funding required from investors. PyroGenesys' process solves this problem by opening up two very high-value revenue streams.Carnot is developing ceramic engine gensets with double the efficiency of state-of-the-art diesel gensets, capable of operating on all fuels. These will provide electricity to the rice mills as their base load as well as electricity to a rural community. Integrating Carnot's gensets enables revenues generated by biofuel sales to be maximised.Indonesia:* Is the world's 5th largest GHG emitter.* Is the largest producer of biofuels worldwide.* Has mandated to convert a significant portion of its palm oil into FAME biodiesel.There is a reluctance to move to renewable energy due to fossil fuel sunk costs/subsidies and no proven profitable off-grid low-carbon energy business model. This demonstrator project aims to be the catalyst to breaking the deadlock and unleashing investment into Indonesia's enormous renewable energy potential.Key project outputs:* Pilot-scale demonstration of business model feasibility* 200,000kg rice-straw feedstock;* 76,000kg value-added-biochar/53,200kg carbon sequestration/80,000kg biofuel;* 2.28MWh electricity provided to rice mill.