Hybrid-Autonomous Greenhouse Gas Emissions Survey & Quantification HV360

生物炭提供了从大气中去除碳或防止土壤和农业排放温室气体的潜力。然而，这种潜在的碳减排的量化和效果尚不确定。该项目旨在开发和测试一种基于测量的解决方案，以评估土壤中的温室气体储存。为了量化大气和地表之间的碳交换，我们将建立和测试一个测量系统，该系统结合激光扫描和无人机，通过绘制经过生物炭处理的景观上大气中二氧化碳、甲烷和N2O的浓度来量化生物炭介导的土壤的碳汇，以努力锁定土壤中的碳。通过将其与未经处理区域的测量进行比较，我们可以将生物碳干预的影响与未经处理的基线进行比较，这将有助于评估更广泛使用生物碳的潜在好处。《气候变化巴黎协定》和随后的格拉斯哥COP26协定包括一项重要的新要求，要求国家签署国通过测量来验证温室气体排放。立法将侧重于各国向联合国报告的温室气体排放量的准确性和确切数量。高质量和可核实的排放数据是温室气体减排行动的关键推动因素。这一要求至关重要，需要创新。挑战不仅在于探测和测量温室气体(通常是低浓度的)，还在于了解地球表面和大气之间的温室气体交换是如何发生的。我们的项目将开发和测试一种新的自动化测量和测绘系统，该系统将在三个维度上测量高精度的温室气体浓度。它将结合使用色散光谱测量气体浓度的先进地面激光，与机载无人机相结合，创建一个采样系统，可以对温室气体排放(或汇)感兴趣区域上方的羽流进行成像。这一新的详细绘图将提供可靠的调查能力，以高精度有效地量化温室气体浓度及其在地面和大气之间的净交换(通量)。这些数据可以为高级数据分析提供基础，以确定排放者(和碳汇)对气候变化的影响，并为商业应用提供明确的空间，以定期监测温室气体补救和排放感兴趣的领域。

Biochar offers the potential to remove carbon from the atmosphere or to prevent GHG emissions from soils and agriculture. However, the quantification and efficacy of this potential carbon reduction is uncertain. This project aims to develop and test a measurement-based solution to assess GHG storage in soils. To quantify carbon exchange between the atmosphere and the surface, we will build and test a measurement system which combines laser scanning and aerial drones to quantify carbon sinks from biochar-mediated soils by mapping concentrations of CO2, CH4 and N2O in the atmosphere over a landscape treated with biochar in an effort to lock away carbon in soils. By comparing this with measurements over an untreated area, we can compare the impacts of biochar intervention with an untreated baseline which will help to assess the potential benefit of using biochar more widely.The Climate Change Paris Agreement and subsequent Glasgow COP26 agreements include an important new requirement for national signatories to validate GHG emissions through measurement. Legislation will focus on the accuracy and the exact amounts of GHG emissions reported by countries to the United Nations. High quality and verifiable emissions data is a key enabler for GHG mitigation actions.This requirement is critical and demands innovation. The challenge is not just in detecting and measuring GHGs (often at low concentrations), but in understanding how the exchange of GHGs between the Earth's surface and our atmosphere takes place.Our project will develop and test a new automated survey and mapping system that will measure high-precision GHG concentrations in three dimensions. It will combine advanced ground-based lasers that use dispersion spectroscopy to measure gas concentrations, with airborne drones to create a sampling system that can image plumes above an area of interest for GHG emissions (or sinks). This new detailed mapping would provide a reliable survey ability to efficiently quantify GHG concentrations and their net exchange between the surface and atmosphere (flux) with high accuracy. Such data could provide the basis for advanced data analytics to establish climate change impacts of emitters (and carbon sinks), with clear scope for commercial applications to routinely monitor areas of interest to GHG remediation and emission.