Lithium Salvage: a step-change in UK battery recycling and manufacturing using (Weee-EV) - to establish the UKs first Lithium-ion Battery (LIB) recycling process.

在英国，预计到2040年，来自电动汽车的23.5万吨锂离子电池（lib）将达到使用寿命。此外，计划中的gigafactory预计每年将生产高达1.5万吨的废钢。越来越多的消费者产品（如吸尘器、割草机）中发现了锂离子电池，预计到2025Ẏet将有14万吨消费者锂离子电池报废，由于缺乏先进的回收技术\[MaterialFocus,2021\]，英国每年因废电器/电池损失1363万英镑，到2040年将威胁到114,000个与Gigafactory潜力相关的直接汽车工作\[T&E,2021\]。目前，英国所有报废的lib都出口到欧洲进行基于火法冶金的回收，消耗大量能源并导致环境排放。并不是所有的材料都被回收，特别是石墨和锂，现在被英国政府列为关键原材料（供应问题的高风险）。此外，根据欧盟绿色协议（EU Green Deal），到2030年，所有lib必须包含最低水平的回收成分，但英国没有来自回收资源的关键材料的岸上供应。这威胁到英国制造商的出口能力。**锂回收(Li-Sal)**旨在在蒂斯山谷建立英国第一家锂离子回收工厂。在前沿基础研究的支持下，他们开发了一种低影响、清洁和轻资本回收过程的概念验证，该过程将最大限度地提高从lib中提取的材料的数量和质量；回收石墨和锂。该项目将深化工业研究，以证明最佳的工艺路线，确保系统的可扩展性和商业可行性。与来自整个电池供应链的项目合作伙伴一起，Li-Sal得到了来自**提赛德大学(TU)**和**工艺创新中心(CPI)**的金属和材料专家的支持；废物专家和原料供应商**PA穆迪回收（GAP）；**和商品市场专家**Pennine Energy**。一旦建成，拟议中的设施将在英国进行岸上回收，并为Gigafactory和可再生技术供应链提供“关键”材料。这将增加蒂斯山谷对超级工厂上游投资的吸引力，并为英格兰东北部的净零排放产业集群提供所需的关键材料供应。拟议中的工厂将创造新的就业机会（对工厂的上游和下游都有显著的就业乘数效应），增加收入，帮助政府实现升级议程，同时使英国处于可持续回收创新的前沿，支持到2050年实现净零排放。

In the UK, 235,000 tonnes of Lithium-ion Batteries (LIBs) derived from Electric Vehicles are expected to reach end-of-life by 2040\. Additionally, planned Gigafactories are expected to produce up to 15 kt/year of scrap. LIBs are increasingly found in consumer products (e.g. hoovers, lawn mowers) with a predicted 140,000 tonnes of consumer LIBs reaching end-of-life by 2025\.Yet the UK loses £13.63m/year from waste electricals/batteries due to lack of advanced recovery technologies \[MaterialFocus,2021\], threatening 114,000 direct automotive jobs linked to Gigafactory potential by 2040 \[T&E,2021\]. Currently all UK end-of-life LIBs are exported to Europe for pyrometallurgical-based recycling, consuming large amounts of energy and resulting in environmental emissions. Not all materials are recovered, specifically graphite and lithium, now listed as critical raw materials by the UK government (high risk of supply problems).Furthermore, under the EU Green Deal, all LIBs must contain minimum levels of recycled content by 2030, yet the UK has no on-shore supply of critical materials from recycled sources. This threatens the export capabilities of UK manufacturers.**Lithium Salvage (Li-Sal)** aims to establish the UKs first LIB recycling plant in the Tees Valley. Underpinned by cutting-edge fundamental research, they have developed a proof-of-concept for a low impact, clean and capital light recycling process that will maximise the quantity and quality of materials extracted from LIBs; and reclaim graphite and lithium. This project will deepen the industrial research required to demonstrate the optimum processes route, ensure systems scalability and commercial viability.Together with project partners from across the battery supply chain, Li-Sal is supported by: metals and materials experts from **Teesside University (TU)** and **Centre for Process Innovation (CPI)**; waste experts and feedstock suppliers **PA Moody Recycling (GAP);** and commodity market specialists **Pennine Energy**.Once built, the proposed facility will on-shore recycling in the UK and provide materials 'critical' to Gigafactory and renewable technology supply-chains. This will increase the attractiveness of the Tees Valley for up-stream investment in Gigafactories and provide a critical supply of materials required for a Net Zero Industrial Cluster in the Northeast of England. The proposed factory will create new jobs (with a significant job multiplier effect upstream and downstream of the plant), drive revenue and help delivery of the Governments levelling up agenda, whilst putting the UK at the forefront of sustainable recycling innovation, supporting the Net Zero by 2050 journey.