Modeling Professional Attitudes and Teaching Humanistic Communication to Remedy Implicit Bias and Promote Cultural Humility in Healthcare (MPathic-IBCH).

1内隐偏见（IB）对黑人患者的医疗保健和健康结果产生负面影响。 2医生IB损害了患者与医生沟通的质量，侵蚀了信任， 3信心，损害治疗决策和依从性，并造成患者伤害。研究 4显示，非黑人医生，平均而言，有中等水平的IB对黑人患者。 5由于大多数黑人病人看到非黑人医生，这意味着大多数黑人病人看到的是黑人医生。 6名医生与IB对他们。IB沟通和强化的主要方式是 7通过副言语行为（即，人们如何发表讲话，如音调、音高、音量）和非 8个口头行为（即，人们如何使用他们的身体，如眼睛注视，手势和身体 9、与言语行为相反（即，人们在互动时说的话。电流ib 10培训是无效的，因为他们依赖于相对简短的干预措施，只寻求在- 11提高医生对IB的认识。虽然这是必要的第一步， 12不够。IB培训还必须向学习者展示他们无意中表现出的行为， 13他们的IB，并教他们具体的补救策略。 14 MCI在此资助下的工作将产生有史以来第一个有效的IB培训系统。MPathic- 15 IBCH是一种基于人工智能的新技术，将使用自适应的 16个虚拟人（VH）交互，并提供详细的，可操作的，个性化的反馈， 17学习者不自觉地表现出消极的非语言行为和副语言行为。承认自己- 18选择与学习者IB相关的面部表情，MCI将实施专有系统 19基于情绪面部动作编码系统（EMFACS），该系统分析了 20个面部动作单元，用于实时情绪状态分析。我们会进一步加强应变能力- 具有与检测设计平行的基于EMFACS的面部操纵设计的21种VH。 22该SBIR快速通道将通过以下方式实现这一点：（Ph1 - 1）识别关键的非言语和非言语 23 bal通信行为系统地与亲白/反黑IB。（PH1 - 2） 24开发和评估MPathic-IBCH原型，以捕获关键通信数据库 在先前的研究中确定了25个ior，并根据他们的种族IB水平区分医学生; 26（Ph2 - 1）开发和整合MPathic-IBCH到一个混合IB/文化谦卑课程， 27 lum;（Ph2 - 2）将MPathic-IBCH构建为功能齐全的可Web部署的应用程序， 28证明非言语和语音韵律检测，人工智能，3个完整的场景，并将其集成到一个 29学习环境;和，（Ph2 - 3）部署混合课程与MPathic-IBCH和评估， 30评估对学生学习、沟通行为和态度的影响， 31 SP性能评级，MPathic-IBCH内的分数，以及自我反思和经验。

1 Implicit bias (IB) negatively impacts the medical care and health outcomes of Black patients. 2 Physician IB compromises the quality of patient-physician communication, eroding trust and 3 confidence, impairing treatment decisions and adherence, and causing patient harm. Studies 4 show that non-Black physicians, on average, have moderate levels of IB toward Black patients. 5 Since most Black patients see non-Black physicians, this means that most Black patients see 6 physicians with IB towards them. The main way in which IB is communicated and reinforced is 7 via paraverbal behaviors (i.e., how people deliver speech, such as tone, pitch, volume) and non- 8 verbal behaviors (i.e., how people use their body, such as eye gaze, hand gestures, and body 9 leaning), as opposed to verbal behaviors (i.e., what people say) during interactions. Current IB 10 training is ineffective because they rely on relatively brief interventions that seek only to in- 11 crease physicians’ awareness about their having IB. While this is a necessary first step, by itself 12 it is insufficient. IB training must also show learners the behaviors they unwittingly display due to 13 their IB, and teach them concrete remediation strategies. 14 MCI’s work under this grant will produce the first-ever effective IB training system. MPathic- 15 IBCH is a new AI-based technology that will enhance two-way communication using adaptable 16 virtual human (VH) interactions, and present detailed, actionable, personalized feedback on 17 learners’ unwitting display of negative nonverbal and paraverbal behaviors. To recognize se- 18 lected facial expressions associated with learner IB, MCI will implement a proprietary system 19 based on the Emotion Facial Action Coding System (EMFACS) which analyzes combinations of 20 facial action units for real-time emotional state analysis. We will further enhance the responsive- 21 ness of VHs with an EMFACS-based facial rigging design that parallels the detection design. 22 This SBIR FastTrack will accomplish this by: (Ph1-1) Identifying key paraverbal and nonver- 23 bal communication behaviors systematically associated with pro-White/anti-Black IB. (PH1-2) 24 Developing and evaluating an MPathic-IBCH prototype to capture a key communication behav- 25 ior identified in prior research and to differentiate medical students based on their race IB levels; 26 (Ph2-1) Developing and integrating MPathic-IBCH into a blended IB/Cultural Humility curricu- 27 lum; (Ph2-2) Building MPathic-IBCH into a fully-featured, web-deployable application with im- 28 proved nonverbal and speech prosody detection, AI, 3 full scenarios, and integrating it into a 29 learning environment; and, (Ph2-3) Deploying blended curriculum with MPathic-IBCH and evalu- 30 ating the effects on student learning, communication behaviors, and attitudes as measured by 31 SP performance ratings, scores within MPathic-IBCH, and self-reflections and experiences.